Differentiability properties of Bessel potentials and Besov functions (Q2266791)

A classical result in the theory of differentiability of functions is the theorem of Rademacher. It states that if the function \(f: R^ n\to R^ m\) is Lipschitzian, then f is differentiable at almost all points of \(R^ n\) with respect to Lebesgue measure. This article deals with similar theorems for functions belonging to the Bessel potential spaces \(L^ p_ k(R^ n)\) and the Besov spaces \(\Lambda_ k^{p,q}(R^ n)\), where \(0<k<\infty\), \(1<p\leq \infty\), \(1<q\leq \infty\), \(n\geq 1.\) The main result is that if the function \(f\in L^ p_ k(R^ n)\) (or \(\Lambda_ k^{p,q}(R^ n))\) and if f satisfies a condition of Lipschitz type, then f is differentiable in the ordinary sense except on a set of Bessel (or Besov) capacity zero. No Lipschitz condition is needed, provided \(kp>n\). For a compact set K the Besov capacity is defined by \(\inf \| f\|^ p_{k,p,q}\), where \(\| \|_{k,p,q}\) is the Besov norm. The infimum is taken over all \(f\in C_ 0^{\infty}(R^ n)\) such that \(f\geq 1\) on K. Examples are given, which show that the exceptional sets are essentially as small as possible with respect to the capacity.