\(H^ 3\) and rational points on biquadratic bicyclic norm forms (Q1069990)

We prove the following algebraic isomorphism between factor groups of norm groups arising from biquadratic field extensions. Let K/k be a Galois extension of degree 4 whose Galois group G is generated by s and t. Let \(K_ i\), \(i=1,2,3\), be the invariant subfields by s, t, st, respectively, and \(N=N_{K/k}\), \(N_ i=N_{K_ i/k}\) the usual norm maps. Then the homomorphism \[ k^{\times}/N_ 1 K_ 1^{\times}\cdot N_ 2 K_ 2^{\times}\cdot N_ 3 K_ 3^{\times}\to (N_ 1 K_ 1^{\times}\cap N_ 2 K_ 2^{\times})/N K^{\times} \] which sends x to \(x^ 2\) is an isomorphism. With the formula of Takahashi-Tannaka, \(H^ 3(G,K^{\times})\cong (N_ 1 K_ 1^{\times}\cap N_ 2 K_ 2^{\times})/N K^{\times}\), we obtain thus a new characterization of the third Galois cohomology group. We study then the problem of rational points on norm forms associated to these field extensions. In the case of global fields, we solve completely the existence question of rational points for these norm forms giving an explicit algorithm. In particular, we characterize all the norm forms which do not satisfy the Hasse principle. We answer in this special case a question of \textit{J.-J. Sansuc} [J. Reine Angew. Math. 327, 12-80 (1981; Zbl 0468.14007), remarque 8.8].