Gevrey's and trace regularity of a semigroup associated with beam equation and non-monotone boundary conditions (Q881997)

The paper is devoted to second order in time partial differential equations with boundary conditions that are non-monotone. The questions for well-posedness, energy estimates exhibited by traces of solutions and smoothing are of interest. The approach is explained for the mixed problem for the forced beam equation \[ u_{tt}+ u_{xxxx}= f,\;x\in\Omega= (0,1),\;t> 0,\;u(0, x)= u_0(x),\;u_t(0, x)= u_1(x) \] with non-monotone boundary conditions given by \[ \begin{gathered} u(0, t)= u_x(0, t)= 0\;(\text{clamped case}),\\ u_{xxx}(1, t)= 0,\;u_{xx}(1, t)=-ku_t(1, t)+ b(t),\;k\geq 0,\end{gathered} \] opposite to the standard monotone boundary conditions \[ u_{xxx}(1, t)= 0,\;u_{xx}(1, t)= -ku_{xt}(1, t). \] The following results are proved: \(\bullet\) For any \(k\geq 0\) the model with \(f= 0\) and \(b= 0\) generates a strongly continuous semigroup \(e^{At}\) on \(H\equiv H^2_{\text{cl}}(\Omega)\times L_2(\Omega)\), where \(H^2_{\text{cl}}(\Omega)\) is equipped with the clamped boundary conditions at \(x= 0\). \(\bullet\) If \(0< k\neq 1\), then \(e^{At}\) is of Gevrey's class \(\delta> 2\), that is, for every compact \(K\subset (0,\infty)\) and \(\theta> 0\) there exists a constant \(C= C(K,\theta)\) such that \(\|(e^{At})^{(n)}\|_{{\mathcal L}(H)}\leq C\theta^n n!^\delta\) for all \(t\in K\), \(n\in\mathbb{N}_0\). \(\bullet\) There exists a constant \(c_t> 0\) such that for all \(t> 0\) it holds \[ \begin{multlined} E(t)+ k|u_t(1,\cdot)|^2_{H^{1/4}(0,t)}+ k|u_{tx}(1,\cdot)|^2_{H^{-1/4}(0,t)}\leq\\ c_t\Biggl(E(0)+ \int^t_0 |f(s,\cdot)|^2_{L_2(0,1)} \,ds+ |b(\cdot)|^2_{H^{1/4}(0,t)}\Biggr),\end{multlined} \] where the energy function \(E(t)= {1\over 2}(|u_{xx}(t,\cdot)|^2_{L_2(0,1)}+ |u_t(t,\cdot)|^2_{L_2(0,1)})\). Thus we have for \(k> 0\) a gain of \(1/4\) time derivative for the velocity component on the boundary.