The weak metric approximation property and ideals of operators (Q2371872)

The author investigates connections between the weak metric approximation property (in the sense of \textit{Å.\,Lima} and \textit{E.\,Oja} [Math.\ Ann.\ 333, No.\,3, 471--484 (2005; Zbl 1097.46012)]) and ideals of operators (in the sense of \textit{G.\,Godefroy, N.\,J.\thinspace Kalton } and \textit{P.\,D.\thinspace Saphar} [Stud.\ Math.\ 104, No.\,1, 13--59 (1993; Zbl 0814.46012)]. Let \(X\) and \(Y\) denote Banach spaces and \(\mathcal{F}(Y,X),\) \(\mathcal{K} (Y,X)\) and \(\mathcal{W}(Y,X)\) represent the subspaces of finite rank, compact and weakly compact operators, respectively. The topological dual of \(X\) is denoted by \(X^{\ast}.\) When \(M\) is a subspace of \(X,\) a linear operator \(\phi:M^{\ast}\rightarrow X^{\ast}\) is called a Hahn-Banach extension operator if \(\phi(e^{\ast})(e)=e^{\ast}(e)\) and \(\left\| \phi(e^{\ast})\right\| =\left\| e^{\ast}\right\| \) for all \(e\in M\) and \(e^{\ast}\in M^{\ast}.\) The set of all Hahn-Banach extension operators \(\phi:M^{\ast}\rightarrow X^{\ast}\) is denoted by \(HB(M,X).\) \newline The main result of the paper asserts that the following assertions (for a Banach space \(X\)) are equivalent: (a) \(X\) has the weak metric approximation property. (b) For every Banach space \(Y\), \(\mathcal{F}(Y,X)\) is an ideal in \(\mathcal{W}(Y,X^{\ast\ast})\). (c) For every separable reflexive Banach space \(Y\), \(\mathcal{F}(Y,X)\) is an ideal in \(\mathcal{K}(Y,X^{\ast\ast})\). (d) There exists \(\phi\in HB(X,X^{\ast\ast})\) such that \(\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \phi(x_{n}^{\ast})(x_{n}^{\ast\ast})=0\) for every choice of sequences \((x_{n}^{\ast})_{n=1}^{\infty}\) in \(X^{\ast}\) and \((x_{n}^{\ast\ast} )_{n=1}^{\infty}\) in \(X^{\ast\ast}\) with \(\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \left\| x_{n}^{\ast}\right\| \left\| x_{n}^{\ast\ast}\right\| <\infty\) and \(\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} x_{n}^{\ast}(x)x_{n}^{\ast\ast}=0\) for all \(x\in X.\) The approximation property in \(X^{\ast}\) and \(X^{\ast\ast}\) is also investigated.