Fixed points of generalized e-concave (generalized e-convex) operators and their applications (Q996921)

Let \(E\) be a real Banach space, \(P\) be a cone of \(E\), and \(\leq\) be a partial ordering defined by \(P\), \(e\in P\setminus\{\theta\}\), \[ \begin{aligned} C_{e} &= \{x\in E: \exists \alpha, \beta \in {\mathbb R}_+,\; \alpha e \leq x \leq \beta e\}, \\ E_{e} &= \{x\in E: \exists \lambda \in {\mathbb R}_+,\; -\lambda e \leq x \leq \lambda e\}, \\ \| x\| _{e} &= \inf \{\lambda > 0: -\lambda e \leq x \leq \lambda e\},\;x\in E_{e}. \end{aligned} \] The following definitions are proposed. An operator \(A : P \rightarrow P\) is called generalized \(e\)-concave with \(e > \theta\) if (i) \(A e \in C_{e}\); (ii) \(\exists \eta = \eta(x,t) > 0\): \[ A(t x) \geq t(1 + \eta) A x\; \forall x\in C_{e}, \; 0 < t < 1. \] An operator \(A : P \rightarrow P\) is called the generalized \(e\)-convex if the condition (ii) in the above definition is replaced by the condition (ii') \(\exists \eta = \eta(x,t) > 0\): \[ A(tx)\leq\left(t(1+\eta)\right)^{-1}\!Ax\;\forall x\in C_{e},\; 0 < t < 1. \] Fixed points of increasing generalized \(e\)-concave and decreasing generalized \(e\)-convex operators are described. These results are applied to the study of the boundary value problem \[ \begin{gathered} -u^{\prime\prime}=\lambda\left(a_0(t)+a_1(t) u^{\alpha}+a_2(t)u\right),\; t\in (0, 1),\\u(0) = u^{\prime}(1)=0,\end{gathered} \] where \(a_i(t)\) are nonnegative continuous functions on \([0,1]\) and \(0<\alpha<1\).