Rigorous derivation of the anelastic approximation (Q2385797)

The limit of solution of the compressible Navier-Stokes system when the Mach and Froude numbers go to zero is constructed. Let \((v_\varepsilon,\rho_\varepsilon)\) be the solution to the compressible Navier-Stokes system in \(Q_T=\Omega\times(0,T)\), \(\Omega\subset \mathbb R^n\) \[ \begin{aligned} &\frac{\partial }{\partial t}(\rho_\varepsilon v_\varepsilon) + \text{div}\,(\rho_\varepsilon v_\varepsilon\otimes v_\varepsilon) -\mu\Delta v_\varepsilon-\xi\nabla \text{div}\,(v_\varepsilon)+ \frac{1}{\varepsilon^2}(\nabla \rho_\varepsilon^\gamma +\rho_\varepsilon\nabla U)=0,\\ &\frac{\partial \rho_\varepsilon}{\partial t} +\text{div}\,(\rho_\varepsilon v_\varepsilon)=0, \quad \text{in\;} Q_T\\ &v_\varepsilon=0, \quad x\in \partial\Omega,\quad \rho_\varepsilon(x,0)=\rho_\varepsilon^0,\quad \rho_\varepsilon v_\varepsilon(x,0)=m^0_\varepsilon, \end{aligned}\tag{1} \] where \(\gamma>n\), \(\mu>0\), \(\mu+\xi>0\), \(U\) is the gravity potential. In (1) the Mach number and the Froude number are both equal to \(\varepsilon\). It is proved that \[ \rho_\varepsilon\,\to\,\rho,\quad v_\varepsilon \,\to\,v \quad \text{as\;}\varepsilon \to\,0, \] where \(\rho\) and \(v\) satisfy to equations \[ \begin{aligned} &\frac{\partial }{\partial t}(\rho v) + \text{div}\,(\rho v\otimes v) -\mu\Delta v-\xi\nabla \text{div}\,v+\rho\nabla q=0,\quad \text{in\;} Q_T\\ &\text{div}\,(\rho v)=0, \quad \text{in\;} Q_T\\ &v=0, \quad x\in \partial\Omega,\quad v(x,0)=\frac{P_\rho\,m^0}{\rho}(x),\quad x\in\Omega. \end{aligned}\tag{2} \] Here \(m^0=\lim_{\varepsilon\to 0}m^0_\varepsilon\), \(P_\rho\) is the projector on the divergence-free vector fields from \(L^2(\Omega)\).