\(L^p\) bounds for the commutator of parabolic singular integral with rough kernels (Q2461584)

The authors study the commutator of Coifman, Rochberg and Weiss; \[ T_{b,k}f(x) = \text{p.v.} \int_{\mathbb R^n} K(x-y)(b(x) - b(y))^k f(y) dy. \] When \(K(x)=\Omega(x)/| x |^n\) and \(\Omega\) is homogeneous degree zero and has mean value zero on the unit sphere, \textit{G. Hu} [Stud. Math. 154, 13--27 (2003; Zbl 1011.42009)] showed the following: \[ \text{If} \;\Omega \in L(\log^{+}L)^{k+1}(S^{n-1}) \;\text{and}\;b \in BMO(\mathbb{R}^n), \;\text{then} \;T_{b,k} \;\text{is bounded on} \;L^p(\mathbb R^n) (1<p< \infty). \] Let \(\alpha_1 , \cdots , \alpha_n\) be fixed real numbers such that \(\alpha_j \geq 1\), and \(\rho (x) \) be a non-isotropic norm on \(\mathbb R^n\) defined as the unique positive solution of the following identity: \[ 1 = \sum_{j=1}^{n}\frac{x_j^2}{ \rho(x)^{2\alpha_j}}. \] When \(K(x) = \Omega(x)/\rho(x)^{\alpha}\), where \(\alpha = \sum_{j=1}^n \alpha_j\), \(\Omega(r^{\alpha_1}x_1, \dots , r^{\alpha_n}x_n) =\Omega (x_1, \dots, x_n)\) and \(\Omega\) satisfies a certain cancellation property, \textit{E. B. Fabes} and \textit{N. M. Riviere} [Stud. Math. 27, 19--38 (1966; Zbl 0161.32403)] proved the following: If \(\Omega \in C^1(S^{n-1})\) then the singular integral operator \(Tf(x) = \text{p.v.}\int_{\mathbb{R}^n} K(x-y)f(y)dy\) is bounded on \(L^p(\mathbb{R}^n)\). Let \[ T_{b,k}f(x) = \text{p.v.} \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} \frac{\Omega (x-y)}{\rho(x-y)^{\alpha}} \bigl( b(x) - b(y) \bigr)^k f(y) dy. \] The authors prove the following: \[ \text{If} \;\Omega \in L(\log^{+}L)^{k+1}(S^{n-1}) \;\text{and} \;b \;\text{belongs to parabolic BMO}, \;\text{then} \;T_{b,k} \;\text{is bounded on} \;L^p(\mathbb{R}^n). \] Parabolic BMO is defined by \textit{D. K. Palagachev} and \textit{L. G. Softova} [Potential Anal. 20, 237--263 (2004; Zbl 1036.35045)].