Direct minimization of the least-squares spectral element functional. I: Direct solver (Q2478525)

An improved least-squares formulation for the numerical approximation of partial differential eqations is presented. Instead of using variational analysis the residuals are minimized directly, thus leading to a method denoted by direct minimization (DM). DM circumvents setting up the normal equations which consists of matrix-matrix multiplications. Matrix-matrix multiplications are expensive, may lead to loss of accuracy and destroy the sparsity pattern present in the original system. The condition number of the DM formulation is the square root of the condition number which would be obtained if variational analysis would be employed. An element-by-element procedure is presented which allows for parallelization of DM. A computational comparison between DM and the conventional least-squares formulation based on variational analysis is presented.