Operator machines on directed graphs (Q989958)

The following conjecture is due to \textit{G. T. Prăjitură} [Theta Series in Advanced Mathematics 12, 145--154 (2010; Zbl 1216.47008). Let \(T:X\rightarrow X\) be an operator and \[ A_{T}=\{x\in X:\|T^{n}x\|\rightarrow\infty\}. \] Then \(A_{T}\) is dense whenever \(A_{T}\) is nonempty. In this very interesting paper, among other results, the authors answer this conjecture in the negative. More precisely, the authors show that, if an infinite-dimensional Banach space \(X\) has a symmetric basis, then there exists a bounded linear operator \(R:X\rightarrow X\) such that the set \[ A_{R}=\{x\in X:\|R^{n}x\|\rightarrow\infty\} \] is nonempty and nowhere norm-dense in \(X\). Moreover, if \(x\in X\smallsetminus A_{R}\), then some subsequence of \((R^{n}x)_{n=1}^{\infty}\) converges weakly to \(x\). Also, the result can be extended to any Banach space containing an infinite-dimensional complemented subspace with a symmetric basis. So, essentially all classical Banach spaces admit such an operator. The last section explains the intriguing title of the paper and proposes some open problems. For example: If \(X\) is a Banach space with an unconditional basis, does there exist an operator \(T:X\rightarrow X\) with the property that \(A_{T}\) is both nonempty and non-dense?