Ciliberto-Miranda degenerations of \(\mathbb {CP}^2\) blown up in 10 points (Q616346)

Given an integer \(n>0\) and distinct points \(p_1,\dots,p_n\in {\mathbb P}^2\), their \textit{multipoint Seshadri constant} is: \[ \epsilon = \epsilon(p_1,\dots,p_n) = \sqrt {\inf \left\{ {\deg C \over \sum_{i=1} ^n \mathrm{mult}_{p_i}C } \right\}}, \] where \(C\) varies among all curves which passes at least through one of the points. The study of Seshadri constants has been the subject of work of many authors in the last years. If \(\pi : X \rightarrow {\mathbb P}^2\) is the blow up of \({\mathbb P}^2\) at distinct \(p_1,\dots,p_n\), then \(\epsilon\) is the largest \(t\) such that \(F_t = \pi ^*L - t(E_1+\dots+E_n)\) is nef (where \(E_i=\pi^*(p_i)\) and \(L\) is a generic line in \({\mathbb P}^2\)). It is known that \(\epsilon \leq {1 \over \sqrt n}\); the well known Nagata conjecture states that for \(n\geq 10\) points in very general position, equality holds. In this paper the problem of determining lower bounds on \(\epsilon\) when \(n=10\) is treated; a new bound, namely \(117 \over 370\), is determined which is a better approximation to Nagata's value, \(1\over \sqrt {10}\), with respect to the existing ones. The result is obtained by applying a previous result of the author: Let \(p_1,\dots,p_n\in {\mathbb P}^2\) be points in general position; consider linear systems \(|D_i| = |d_i \pi ^*L - m_i(E_1+\dots+E_n)|\), such that each \(|D_i|\) is effective and non-special and \(d_i, m_i\), \(i\in {\mathbb N}\), are sequences such that \(\lim _{i\rightarrow \infty} {d_i\over m_i} = {\sqrt {n}\over a}\). Then the \({\mathbb R}\)-divisor \(\pi ^*L - {\sqrt {n}\over a}(E_1+\dots+E_n)\) is nef on \(X\). This can be considered as an ``approach by approximation'' to Nagata's Conjecture (actually the conjecture is equivalent to saying that \(\pi ^*L - {1 \over\sqrt {n}}(E_1+\dots+E_n)\) is nef. In the paper the result above is used in combination with a sort of simplification of the Ciliberto-Miranda degeneration method [\textit{C. Ciliberto, R. Miranda}, Homogeneous interpolation in 10 points (2008, \url{arXiv:0812.0032})].