Limit cycles for generalized Kukles polynomial differential systems (Q622395)

Consider the planar systems \[ \begin{aligned} \dot x &= y,\\ \dot y &= -x+\varepsilon\Biggl(\sum^3_{i= 1} f_{n_i}(x) y^{i-1}+ d_1 y^3\Biggr),\end{aligned}\tag{1} \] \[ \begin{aligned} \dot x &= y,\\ \dot y &= -x+\varepsilon\Biggl(\sum^3_{i= 1} f_{n_i}(x) y^{i-1}+ d_1 y^3\Biggr)\\ & +\varepsilon^2\Biggl(\sum^3_{i= 1} g_{n_i}(x) y^{i-1}+ d_2 y^3\Biggr),\end{aligned}\tag{2} \] where \(f_{n_i}(x)\) and \(g_{n_i}(x)\) for \(i= 1,2,3\) are polynomials in \(x\) with degree \(n_i\), \(d_1d_2\neq 0\), \(\varepsilon\) is a small bifurcation parameter. The authors estimate the maximum number of limit cycles of the systems (1) and (2) bifurcating from the periodic orbits of the linear system \[ \dot x= y,\quad \dot y=-x \] by means of the degrees \(n_1\), \(n_2\), \(n_3\). The proof is based on the averaging method.