Inverse problems for periodic generalized Jacobi matrices (Q719581)

Some inverse problems for semi-infinite generalized Jacobi matrices associated with periodic continued fractions are solved. Initially, a one-to-one correspondence between certainly normalized \(2 \times 2\)-matrix polynomials (the monodromy matrices) and the periodic generalized Jacobi matrices in question is established. Then, it is shown that the solvability of the Pell-Abel equation \(X^2 - RY^2=1\) (\(X\) and \(Y\) are the polynomial solutions and \(R\) is the polynomial of degree \(2n\)) is equivalent to the existence of a normalized \(J\)-unitary \(2 \times 2\)-matrix polynomial. The necessary and sufficient conditions for functions of the form \[ \frac{\sqrt{R(\lambda)}-U(\lambda)}{V(\lambda)}, \] \(U(\lambda)\) and \(V(\lambda)\) being the Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind, to be the \(m\)-functions of semi-infinite periodic generalized Jacobi matrices are given.