An asymptotic analysis in thermodynamic formalism (Q652544)

Let \(S=\{1,2,\ldots,d\}\) and let \(A\) be an irreducilbe \(d\times d\) matrix with entries in \(\{0,1\}\). Consider the subshift of finite type \((\Sigma_A^+,\sigma)\) with transition matrix \(A\). On \(\Sigma_A^+\), consider the distance function defined by \(d_\theta(\omega,\omega')=\theta^{\min\{n\geq0\colon \omega_n\neq\omega'_n\}}\), where \(0<\theta<1\). Let \(C(\Sigma_A^+)\) be the totality of continuous functions with supremum norm and \(F_\theta(\Sigma_A^+)\) be the totality of \(d_\theta\)-Lipshitz continuous functions with \(||f|_\theta=||f||_\infty+[f]_\theta\), where \([f]_\theta=\max_{i\in S}\sup\{|f(\omega)-f(\omega')|/d_\theta(\omega,\omega')\colon w_0=\omega_0'=i\}\). Let \(C(\Sigma_A^+\to\mathbb R)\) and \(F_\theta(\Sigma_A^+\to\mathbb R)\) be the real-valued functions belonging to \(C(\Sigma_A^+)\) and \(F_\theta(\Sigma_A^+)\), respectively. Denote by \(M(\Sigma_A^+)\) the totality of the complex Borel measures on \(\Sigma_A^+\). Now suppose that the following two assumptions hold: \begin{itemize}\item[1)] {\((\Phi)_n\colon\)} There exists functions \(\phi=\phi_0,\phi_1,\ldots,\phi_n,\Gamma_n(\epsilon,\cdot)\in F_\theta(\Sigma_A^+,\to\mathbb R)\) such that \(\phi(\epsilon,\cdot)\) has the form \(\phi(\epsilon,\cdot)=\phi+\phi_1\epsilon+\cdots+\phi_n\epsilon^n+\Gamma_n(\epsilon,\cdot)\epsilon^n\) and \(||\Gamma_n(\epsilon,\cdot)||_\infty\to0\) as \(\epsilon\to0\). \item[2)] {\((\Phi)_n'\colon\)} The condition\((\Phi)_n\) is satisfied and \(\sup_{\epsilon>0}|\Gamma_n(\epsilon,\cdot)|_\theta<\infty\). The main tool of this article is the Ruelle operator with potential \(\phi\) \[ \mathcal Lf(\omega)=\sum_{i\in S,A(i,\omega_0)=1}e^{\phi(i\cdot\omega)}f(i\cdot \omega), \] where \(i\cdot\omega\) is the concatenation of \(i\) and \(\omega\). We have the decomposition \[ \mathcal L=\lambda\mathcal P+\mathcal E, \] where \(\mathcal P\) is the projection onto the maximal eigenvalue \(\lambda\), and it has the form \(\mathcal P f=\nu(f)h\), \(h\in F_\theta(\Sigma_A^+)\), and \(\nu\in M(\Sigma_A^+)\) with \(\nu(h)=\nu(\Sigma_A^+)=1\). \item[4)] \(\mathcal E\in\mathcal L(C(\Sigma_A^+))\) satisfies \(\mathcal E\mathcal P=\mathcal P\mathcal E=O\), and the eigenvalues of \(\mathcal E|_{F_\theta(\Sigma_A^+)}\) is contained in \(|z-\lambda|>\eta\) for some \(\eta>0\). The topological pressure is defined by \[ P(\sigma,f)=\lim_{n\to\infty}\log\sum_{w\in S^n} \exp\left(\sup_{\omega\colon \omega_0\cdots\omega_n=w}\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}f(\sigma^k\omega)\right). \] Denote also the Gibbs measure with potential \(\phi\) by \(\mu=\mu_\phi\), and the measure-theoretical entropy by \(h(\sigma,\mu)\). The main theorems of this article are the following. \textbf{Theorem 2.1.} Assume that \(A\) is irreducible and the condition \((\Phi)_n\) is satisfied. Then there exist \(p_1,\ldots,p_n\in\mathbb R\) and linear functionals \(\nu_1,\ldots,\nu_n\) on \(F_\theta(\Sigma_A^+)\) such that \[ \begin{aligned} & P(\sigma,\phi(\epsilon,\cdot))=P(\sigma,\phi)+p_1\epsilon+\cdots+p_n\epsilon^n +o(\epsilon^n),\\ & \nu(\epsilon, f)=\nu(f)+\nu_1(f)\epsilon+\cdots+\nu_n(f)\epsilon^n+o(\epsilon^n), \quad(f\in F_\theta(\Sigma_A^+)).\end{aligned} \] \textbf{Theorem 2.4.} Assume that \(A\) is irreducible and the condition \((\Phi)_n'\) is satisfied. Then there exist functions \(h_1,\ldots,h_n\in F_\theta(\Sigma_A^+)\) such that \[ \begin{aligned} & h(\epsilon,\cdot)=h+h_1\epsilon+\cdots+h_n\epsilon^n)+o(\epsilon^n) \hbox{ in } C(\Sigma_A^+);\\ & \mu(\epsilon,\cdot)=\mu(f)+\mu_1(f)\epsilon+\cdots+\mu_n(f)\epsilon^n)+o(\epsilon^n) \quad(f\in F_\theta(\Sigma_A^+));\\ & h(\epsilon,\mu(\epsilon,\cdot))= h(\sigma,\mu)+h_1(\sigma)\epsilon+\cdots+h_n(\sigma)\epsilon^n)+o(\epsilon^n).\end{aligned} \] \textbf{Theorem 2.6.} Assume that \(A\) is irreducible and the condition \((\Phi)_n\) is satisfied. Assume moreover that \(\phi<0\). Then there exist \(s_1,\ldots,s_n\in\mathbb R\) such that \[ s(\epsilon)=s+s_1\epsilon+\cdots+s_n\epsilon^n)+o(\epsilon^n) , \] where \(s\) is an unique solution of the equation \(P(\sigma,s\phi+\xi)=0\).\end{itemize}