Special temporal functions on globally hyperbolic manifolds (Q1946615)

A globally hyperbolic manifold \(M\) is isometric to \((\mathbb{R}\times S, G=-f^2dt^2+g_t)\), where \(t:\mathbb{R}\times S\to \mathbb{R}\) is the projection on the first factor, \(f:\mathbb{R}\times S\to (0,\infty )\) is a smooth function, and \(g_t\) is a smooth family of Riemannian metrics on \(S\). A function \(t:M\to \mathbb{R}\) is time function if it is non-decreasing along every future time-like curve. It is a temporal function if it is \(C^1\) and its gradient \(\mathrm{grad}_t\) is past-directed time-like at every point. Next the author defines steep functions on \(M\) and semi-steep or \(\mathbf s\) functions, mild and semi-mild or \(\mathbf m\) functions and \(\mathbb{C}\) functions. The existence of an \(SC\) Cauchy temporal function on a Lorentzian manifold is equivalent to the existence of a closed isometric embedding in a Minkowski space of an appropriate dimension. Some results concerning the \(\mathbf{sm}\) functions are obtained. Then the author studies the relation to \(\mathbf{ba}\) (bounded acceleration) completeness.