Frobenius amplitude, ultraproducts, and vanishing on singular spaces (Q358928)

The paper under review proves an extension of the Akizuki-Kodaira-Nakano vanishing theorem for singular varieties over the complex numbers. Namely, for a complete complex variety \(X\), \(Z\subset X\) a closed subset with \(X\backslash Z\) dense in \(X\) and a bounded complex \({\mathcal F}^\bullet\) of locally free sheaves, we have \[ H^i(X, \underline{\Omega}_X^j(\log Z)\otimes {\mathcal F}^\bullet)=0 \qquad\text{for}\quad i+j > \dim X + \phi({\mathcal F}^\bullet) \] (Corollary 4.3). Here, we use as the replacement for differential forms in the Hodge theory for smooth varieties the filtered complex \(\underline{\Omega}_X^\bullet\) of sheaves introduced by \textit{P. Du Bois} [Bull. Soc. Math. Fr. 109, 41--81 (1981; Zbl 0465.14009)] and \(\phi({\mathcal F}^\bullet)\) is the Frobenius-amplitude, which is the crucial notion for extending the cerebrated Deligne-Illusie's theorem for smooth varieties to singular varieties through Frobenius splitting of the complex (Theorem 3.4). The idea of Frobenius-amplitude is as follows: in order to describe reduction with regard to almost all primes we use ultrafilter \({\mathcal U}\) on the set \(\Sigma\) of all prime numbers and the ultra-fiber \(X_{\mathcal U}\), which roughly denotes the whole bunch of reductions with regard to almost all primes specified by \({\mathcal U}\). Similarly, for a locally free sheaf \({\mathcal F}\) on \(X\), we define the sheaf \({\mathcal F}_{\mathcal U}\) on \(X_{\mathcal U}\). Then we define \[ \phi({\mathcal F}) = \min\left\{i \mid H^i(X_{\mathcal U}, {Fr^N}^*({\mathcal F}_{\mathcal U})\otimes {\mathcal E})=0 \text{ for any }{\mathcal U}, \text{ coherent }{\mathcal E} \text{ and }N\gg 0 \right\}-1 \] where \(Fr: X_{\mathcal U}\to X_{\mathcal U}\) is the Frobenius. Moreover, by replacing the tensor product \({Fr^N}^*({\mathcal F}_{\mathcal U})\otimes {\mathcal E}\) by derived tensor \(\otimes^{\mathbb L}\) we can also define \(\phi({\mathcal F}^\bullet)\).