Conditions of hyperbolicity of systems with constant multiplicity (Q480911)

Let \(x= (x_0,x')= (x_0,x_1,\dots, x_n)\in\Omega\), where \(\Omega\) is a neighborhood of \(0\in\mathbb{R}^{n+1}\). The author considers the well-posedness in \(C^\infty(\Omega)\) to the Cauchy problem for a \(N\times N\) linear first-order system of partial differential operators: \[ \begin{gathered} h(x,D) u(x):= a(x,D) u(x)+ b(x) u(x)= f(x),\\ u|_{x_0=\widehat x_0}= u_0(x'),\end{gathered} \] where \(a(x,\xi)\) is the principal part of \(h\), \(\xi= (\xi_0,\xi_1,\dots, \xi_n)\), \(a\) and \(b\) are \(N\times N\) matrices with analytic coefficients, \(D= (D_0,D_1,\dots, D_n)\), \(D_j={n\over\partial x_j}\), \(j= 0,1,\dots, n\). Assume that \(\text{det\,}a(x,\xi)= \prod^r_{j=1} (\xi_0- \lambda_j(x,\xi'))^{m_j}\), where \(\lambda_j\) are real analytic functions with \[ \underset{x\in\Omega,|\xi'|= 1,j\neq k}{\text{inf}} |\lambda_j(x\xi')- \lambda_k(x,\xi')|\neq 0, \] and \(m_j\) are constant integers. Moreover for simplicity suppose that \(\text{det\,}a(x,\xi)= H^{p+q_1} K\), where \(H= (\xi_0- \lambda_1)\), \(k\neq 0\). For an operator \(\Lambda'\) of order \(\leq\nu\) denote by \(\lambda= \sigma_\nu(\Lambda')\) which is equal to the principal part of \(\Lambda'\), if \(\Lambda'\) is of order \(\nu\) and \(0\) if not. Let \(A\) be the co-factor matrix of \(a\) such that \(aA= Aa= \det aI_N= H^{p+q_1} KI_N\) and set \(\Gamma={1\over H^q}A\). -- In this paper, the author proved the following theorem: Theorem. Assume that \(a\) has microlocally 2-Jordan blocks; there are differential operators \(\Gamma'\), \(H'\), \(K'\) and \(\Lambda_1(x,\xi)\) whose entries are homogeneous of degree \(\mu_0\) in \(\xi\) such that \(\Gamma\sigma_{\mu_0}(h\Gamma'- (H')^pK')= H^{p-q_1}\Lambda_1\) and \(\Lambda_1\) is not divisible by \(H\). Then the Cauchy problem for \(h\) is well-posed in \(C^\infty\).