Chern characters, equivariant traces and derived algebraic geometry (Q2346365)

Let \(k\) be a commutative ring, \(A\) - a commutative \(k\)-algebra, \(M\) a finite type projective \(A\)-module, \(X= \mathrm{Spec} A\) - the \(k\)-scheme, \(\mathbb S^1 = B\mathbb Z\). Consider the simplicial commutative \(k\)-algebra \(\mathbb S^1 \otimes^{\mathbb L}_k A\), there is a natural map \(p: A \to \mathbb S^1 \otimes^{\mathbb L}_k A\), induced from the inclusion of the fixed point into the circle \(* \to \mathbb S^1\) and the tautological automorphism of base change functor \[ (\mathbb S^1 \otimes^{\mathbb L}_k A) \otimes_A - : \mathbf{Proj}^{tf}(A) \to Ho(\mathbb S^1 \otimes^{\mathbb L}_k A - \mathbf{Mod}) \] from the category of finite type projective \(A\)-modules to the homotopical category of simplicial modules over simplicial ring \(\mathbb S^1 \otimes^{\mathbb L}_k A\) and a tautological automorphism \(m\) from \((\mathbb S^1 \otimes^{\mathbb L}_k A) \otimes_A M\) into itself, which admits a well-defined homotopically \(\mathbb S^1\)-invariant trace \(\mathrm{Tr}^{\mathbb S^1}(m)\in \pi_0(\mathbb S^1 \otimes^{\mathbb L}_k A)^{h\mathbb S^1}\) which is an element in the negative cyclic homology \(HC^-_*(A/k)\) and therefore is called \textsl{Chern character} (\S5.2). The main result (Theorem 1.1 \& \S5.2) of the paper is as follows. The simplicial ring \(\mathbb S^1 \otimes^{\mathbb L}_k A\) can be illustrated as the ring of functions over the loop space \(LX= Map(\mathbb S^1,X)\) of scheme \(X\) and the Chern character \(\mathrm{Tr}^{\mathbb S^1}(.)\) can be considered as the trace of the monodromy along the lacet \(\gamma\) on \(X\). Let \(T\) be a \(\infty\)-topos and \(\mathcal A\) a stack in the symmetrically rigid monoidal category, \(X\in T\) and \(LX = Map(\mathbb S^1, X) \in T\) - the lacet object, adjoint with the action of the group \(\mathbb S^1 = B\mathbb Z\), then the map \[ \mathcal A(X)^{\mathrm{iso}}\to \mathrm{End}_{\mathcal A(LX)}(\mathbf 1)^{h\mathbb S^1} \] between the \(\infty\)-groupoid \(\mathcal A(X)^{\mathrm{iso}}\) underlying in \(\mathcal A(X)\) and the \(\infty\)-groupoid \(\mathrm{End}_{\mathcal A(LX)}(\mathbf 1)^{h\mathbb S^1}\) of \(\mathbb S^1\)-invariant endomorphism of the unital object \(\mathbf 1\) of \(\mathcal A(LX)\). \textsl{Two applications} of the construction are obtained: First, in the case of algebraic Artin stacks one considers the pair \((T,\mathcal A)\) as a pair of derived \(\infty\)-topos \(T= dAff_k^{\sim,et}\) of stacks over a \(\infty\)-site of simplicial commutative \(k\)-algebras endowed with the étale topology and \(\mathcal A\) the stack of perfect complexes \(Parf (B)\) associated with a commutative \(k\)-algebra \(B\), consisting of perfect \(N(B)-dg\)-modules. In that case \(\mathrm{End}_{\mathcal A(LX)}(\mathbf 1)^{h\mathbb S^1}\) becomes the simplicial set \(\mathcal O(X)\) of functions over \(X\) and the Chern character becomes \(\mathrm{ch}: Parf(X)^{\mathrm{iso}} \to \mathcal{O}(LX)^{h\mathbb S^1}\). The second application is for the same kind \(T\) but the stack \(\mathcal A\) is a stack of compactly generated \(dg\)-categories, noted by \(\mathbb Dg\). For a \(X\in T\), \(\mathbb Dg(X)\) must be considered as families of cocompleted \(dg\)-categories parametrized by \(X\) and locally admit compact generators dans la étale topology on \(X\). The object \(\mathrm{End}_{\mathbb Dg(X)}(\mathbf 1)\) becomes the \(\infty\)-groupoïds \(QCoh^{\mathbb S^1}(XL)\) of quasi-coherent complexes on \(X\) and the character is the well-known Chern character \(\mathbb Dg(X)^{\mathrm{iso}}\to QCoh^{\mathbb S^1}(XL)\). In the case where \(X\) is a smooth \(k\)-scheme in characteristic 0, \(QCoh^{\mathbb S^1}(XL)\) becomes some filtrated \(\mathcal D_X\)-modules on \(X\), the Chern character provides the data of Gauss-Manin connection. The paper is almost self-contained.