Examples of non-Kähler Calabi-Yau 3-folds with arbitrarily large \(b_2\) (Q6043681)

The article explores the non-Kähler Calabi-Yau 3-folds, focusing on providing infinitely many topological types of such manifolds. The authors begin by discussing projective Calabi-Yau manifolds and their significance in algebraic variety classification. We do not know if there are finitely many topological type of projective Calabi-Yau 3-folds. However, the article presents examples of non-Kähler Calabi-Yau 3-folds with arbitrarily large Betti numbers, giving infinitely many topological types of non-Kähler Calabi-Yau 3-folds. The authors introduce a theorem that establishes the existence of simply connected Calabi-Yau 3-folds satisfying specific conditions. These conditions dictate the values of the Betti numbers, topological Euler number, and algebraic dimension. The precise theorem is as follows. {Theorem 1.1}. Let \(a > 0\) be any positive integer. Then there exists a simply connected Calabi-Yau 3-fold \(X(a)\) with 2nd Betti number \(b_2(X(a))=a+3\), topological Euler number \(e(X(a))=-256a^2+32a-224\) and algebraic dimension \(a(X(a))=1\). These examples exhibit previously unexplored characteristics, with arbitrarily large Betti numbers and the potential for negative Euler numbers. Moreover, the Hodge to de Rham spectral sequence degenerates at an early stage, and the deformations of these manifolds are unobstructed. The construction of these examples relies on smoothing simple normal crossing varieties using log deformation theory. The authors utilize Tyurin degenerations and gluing automorphisms of intersection components, introducing a novel perspective to their construction. The article also highlights the relevance of non-Kähler Calabi-Yau manifolds in string theory and complex differential geometry. Overall, this article offers significant contributions to the study of non-Kähler Calabi-Yau manifolds. The examples presented expand our understanding of these manifolds, showcasing their intricate properties and their potential as important objects of study in various mathematical disciplines.