On the limit of Frobenius in the Grothendieck group (Q2352393)

The Cohen-Macaulay cone of a local ring \(R\) is the set of non-negative \(\mathbb{R}\)-linear combinations of equivalence classes of maximal Cohen-Macaulay modules of \(R\) in the Grothendieck group of finitely generated \(R\)-modules modulo numerical equivalence extended to \(\mathbb{R}\). For an \(F\)-finite local ring \((R, \mathfrak{m}, k)\) with \(k\) algebraically closed, the fundamental class is the direct limit of the classes \([^eR]/p^{de}\) in the Grothendieck group modulo numerical equivalence extended to \(\mathbb{Q}\). The authors show that when \((R,\mathfrak{m},k)\) is an \(F\)-finite Cohen-Macaulay local domain of characteristic \(p\) with \(k\) algebraically closed the following two facts hold: (1) If \(R\) is of finite \(F\)-representation type, then the fundamental class is contained in the Cohen-Macaulay cone. (2) If \(R\) is \(F\)-rational then the fundamental class is contained in the interior of the Cohen-Macaulay cone. The paper presents several interesting examples and suggests many open questions about the relationship between the fundamental class and the Cohen-Macaulay cone. The authors also provide a clear explanation of why this work is related to the homological conjectures.