Connectedness like properties on the hyperspace of convergent sequences (Q2405104)
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English | Connectedness like properties on the hyperspace of convergent sequences |
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Connectedness like properties on the hyperspace of convergent sequences (English)
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21 September 2017
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An infinite countable subset \(S\) of a space \(X\) is called a nontrivial convergent sequence if \(S\) has a unique non-isolated point \(x_S\) such that \(S \setminus U\) is finite for every neighborhood \(U\) of \(x_S\). Let \(\mathcal{S}_c(X)\) be the hyperspace consisting of all nontrivial convergent sequences of a space \(X\) with the Vietoris topology. Topological properties of the hyperspace \(\mathcal{S}_c(X)\) were studied by the first author and \textit{Y. F. Ortiz-Castillo} [Topology Appl. 196, Part B, 795--804 (2015; Zbl 1335.54013)] and \textit{D. Maya}, \textit{P. Pellicer-Covarrubias} and \textit{R. Pichardo-Mendoza} [Topol. Proc. 51, 143--168 (2018; Zbl 1406.54008)]. Among the studies, the first author and Ortiz-Castillo [loc. cit.] proved that if \(X\) is first countable and \(\mathcal{S}_c(X)\) is connected, then \(X\) is connected, and that if \(X\) is the Warsaw circle, then \(\mathcal{S}_c(X)\) is not path-wise connected (hence \(\mathcal{S}_c(X)\) need not be path-wise connected even if \(X\) is path-wise connected). D. Maya, P. Pellicer-Covarrubias and R. Pichardo-Mendoza [op. cit.] proved that for every metric space \(X\), if \(\mathcal{S}_c(X)\) is nonempty and path-wise connected, then so is \(X\), and that there exists a dendroid \(X\) such that \(\mathcal{S}_c(X)\) is not path-wise connected. In this paper, the authors prove the following theorems for Fréchet-Urysohn spaces \(X\) that are infinite and non-discrete: If \(X\) is connected, then so is \(\mathcal{S}_c(X)\); if \(\mathcal{S}_c(X)\) is path-wise connected, then so is \(X\). These two theorems answer questions posed by the first author and Ortiz-Castillo [loc. cit.]. The authors also prove the following: The space \(\mathcal{S}_c(X)\) is locally connected if and only if \(X\) is locally connected; there exists a dendroid \(X\) in the plane such that \(\mathcal{S}_c(X)\) has \(\mathfrak{c}\)-many path-wise connected components, where \(\mathfrak{c}\) is the cardinality of the continuum; if \(X\) is the Warsaw circle, then \(\mathcal{S}_c(X)\) has \(\mathfrak{c}\)-many path-wise connected components.
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hyperspace
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nontrivial convergent sequence
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path-wise connectedness
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connectedness
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