Interpolatory estimates in monotone piecewise polynomial approximation (Q5920117)

Let \(C^r[-1,1]\) denote the set of all \(r\) times continuously differentiable function on \([-1,1]\) and let \(X_n:=\{x_{j,n}\}_{j=0}^{n}\) with \(x_{j,n}:=-\cos(j\pi/n)\), \(j=0,1,\dots,n\), be the Chebyshev partition of \([-1,1]\). Moreover, let \(S(X_n,r+1)\) be the set of all continuous piecewise polynomials \(s\) of order \(r+1\) on \(X_n\), i.e., in each interval \([x_{j-1,n},x_{j,n}]\), \(j=1,2,\dots,n\), the function \(s\) is a polynomial of degree \(\leq{r}\) and \(s\) is continuous on \([-1,1]\). The main result of the paper is the following: For each \(r\geq0\), there is a constant \(c=c(r)\) such that for each monotone function \(f\in{C}^r[-1,1]\) there is a number \(N=N(f,r)\) such that for all \(n\geq{N}\) there exists a monotone function \(s\in{S}(X_n,r+1)\) satisfying \[ |f(x)-s(x)|\leq{c}\cdot\Bigl(\frac{\varphi(x)}{n}\Bigr)^r\cdot\sup_{0<u\leq\varphi(x)/n}\sup_{y\in[-1,1]}|f(y+u)-2f(y)+f(y-u)|, \] where \(\varphi(x):=\sqrt{1-x^2}\). Note that the above inequality holds pointswise for all \(x\in[-1,1]\).