Finite descent obstruction and non-abelian reciprocity (Q669230)

Let \(F\) be a number field and let \(\overline{F}\) be an algebraic closure of \(F.\) Also, let \(X\) be a geometrically integral smooth quasi-projective algebraic variety over \(F\) that has an \(F\)-rational point \(b \in X(F)\), and put \(\overline{X}:=X \times_F \overline{F}.\) This paper compares two subsets of \(X(\mathbb{A}_F)\) both of which contain \(X(F)\), where \(\mathbb{A}_F\) denotes the ring of adeles of \(F\). One of them is related to the finite descent obstruction introduced by \textit{D. Harari} and \textit{A. N. Skorobogatov} [Compos. Math. 130, No. 3, 241--273 (2002; Zbl 1019.14012)], and the other comes from a recent construction of \textit{M. Kim}'s (see [in: Elliptic curves, modular forms and Iwasawa theory. In honour of John H. Coates' 70th birthday, Cambridge, UK, March 2015. Proceedings of the conference and the workshop. Cham: Springer. 311--334 (2016; Zbl 1414.11154)]). The main result of this paper is that those two sets are equal to each other under a suitable condition on \(X.\) \newline More precisely, assume further that \(X\) satisfies the conditions [Coh1] and [Coh2] of Kim's paper. We define the following two subsets of \(X(\mathbb{A}_F):\) \newline \(\bullet\) Let \(X(\mathbb{A}_F)_{\infty}=\bigcap_{n=1}^{\infty} X(\mathbb{A}_F)_n\) where, for each \(n \geq 1,\) \(X(\mathbb{A}_F)_n\) is the subset of \(X(\mathbb{A}_F)\) that appears in the filtration on \(X(\mathbb{A}_F)\) constructed by Kim. \newline \(\bullet\) Let \(X(\mathbb{A}_F)^{\text{Nil}}\) be the set of adelic points of \(X\) which survive all torsors \(Y \rightarrow X\) for finite étale nilpotent group schemes of odd order over \(F\) (see Definition 3.3 of this paper). \newline Then the author shows that \(X(\mathbb{A}_F)_{\infty}=X(\mathbb{A}_F)^{\text{Nil}}\) by a detailed analysis on each construction. One interesting thing about the result is that \(X(\mathbb{A}_{F})_{\infty}\) is defined only if \(X\) has an \(F\)-rational point and satisfies the conditions [Coh1] and [Coh2], while the set \(X(\mathbb{A}_F)^{\text{Nil}}\) makes sense without such restrictions.