Nonautonomous bifurcations in nonlinear impulsive systems (Q2172965)

The authors have studied non-autonomous trans-critical and pitchfork bifurcations in impulsive systems [Electron. J. Qual. Theory Differ. Equ. 2013, Paper No. 74, 23 p. (2013; Zbl 1340.34139); Miskolc Math. Notes 14, No. 3, 737--748 (2013; Zbl 1299.34143); Electron. J. Qual. Theory Differ. Equ. 2016, Paper No. 1, 13 p. (2016; Zbl 1389.34115)] in their previous paper. In the current paper, generalizing the previous idea, they introduce a new and the most general impulsive Bernoulli equation and discuss bifurcation analysis of it. The main subject under investigation is the following impulsive Bernoulli equation of the form \begin{align*} x'&=p(t)x-q(t)x^n, && t\ne\theta_i \tag{1}\\ \Delta x&=-x+(c_i+d_ix^{n-1})^{1/(1-n)}x, && t=\theta_i, \tag{2} \end{align*} where the functions $p,q :{\mathbb R}\to{\mathbb R}$ are continuous, $\{\theta_i\}$ the sequence of real numbers, $i\in{\mathbb N}$, is such that there exist two real numbers $\underline{\theta}$ and $\overline{\theta}$ satisfying $\underline{\theta}\leq\theta_{i+1}-\theta_i\leq\overline{\theta}$, $\Delta x(\theta_i)=x(\theta_i^+)-x(\theta_i)$ and $x(\theta_i^+)=\lim_{t\to\theta_i^+}x(t)$. System (1)--(2) is non-linear not only in its differential equation part but in its impulsive part also. It consists of the Bernoulli equation and non-linear impulsive one such that under the Bernoulli transformation, $y=x^{1-n}$, it is reduced to the linear impulsive equation \begin{align*} y'&=(1-n)p(t)y-(1-n)q(t), && t\ne\theta_i\tag{3}\\ \Delta y&=(c_i-1)y+d_i, && t=\theta_i.\tag{4} \end{align*} Moreover, the obtained results for system (1)--(2) recover the continuous Bernoulli equation. In this paper, it is studied the existence of bounded solutions and the asymptotic behavior of an impulsive Bernoulli equation of the form (1)--(2). Non-autonomous pitchfork and trans-critical bifurcation scenarios of it are investigated. Examples with numerical simulations are given to illustrate the results obtained.