Variational representations related to Tsallis relative entropy (Q2194103)

The main aim of this paper is to develop variational representations for the deformed logarithmic and exponential functions and use them to obtain variational representations related to the quantum Tsallis relative entropy. Furthermore, they also extend Golden-Thompson's trace inequality to deformed exponentials with deformation parameter \(q \in [0, 1]\), thus complementing the second author's previous study [J. Stat. Phys. 159, No. 6, 1300--1305 (2015; Zbl 1323.82003)] of the cases with deformation parameter \(q \in [1, 2]\) and \(q \in [2, 3]\). The well-known concavity theorem of \textit{E. H. Lieb} [Adv. Math. 11, 267--288 (1973; Zbl 0267.46055)] states that the map \[ A \longmapsto \mathrm{Tr} \exp(L + \log A), \] for a fixed self-adjoint matrix \(L\), is concave in positive definite matrices. This theorem is the basis for the proof of strong subadditivity of the quantum mechanical entropy, and it is very important in random matrix theory, too. Lieb's concavity theorem is also closely related to the Golden-Thompson trace inequality. Recently [Ann. Funct. Anal. 6, No. 4, 301--310 (2015; Zbl 1337.15019)], the second author studied (the known) concavity of the trace function \[ A \longmapsto \mathrm{Tr}\exp (H^{\ast} \log(A)H) \] in positive definite matrices, if \(H\) is a contraction. This analysis led to multivariate generalizations of the Golden-Thompson trace inequality. In Section 2, the authors consider variational representations related to the deformed exponential and logarithmic functions by making use of the tracial Young inequalities. In Section 3, they derive variational representations related to the Tsallis relative entropies, which may be considered extensions of equation \[ \mathrm{Tr}\exp(L + \log A) = \max_{X>0} \left\{\mathrm{Tr}(L + I)X - D(X \vert A)\right\}, \] for \(A > 0\) and \(L = L\ast\), where \(D(X \vert A) = \mathrm{Tr}(X \log X- X \log A)\) denotes the quantum relative entropy. In Section 4, the authors consider the generalization of the Gibbs variational representations and then they tackle the variational representations related to the Tsallis relative entropy under the conditions \(X > 0\) and \(\mathrm{Tr}X = 1\). \par Finally, in Section 5, the authors extend Golden-Thompson's trace inequality to deformed exponentials with deformation parameter \(q \in [0, 1)\).