Equivariant Ulrich bundles on exceptional homogeneous varieties (Q2035025)

Let \(G\) be a simple algebraic group over \(\mathbb{C}\). Fix a maximal torus \(T \subset G\). Let \(\Delta =\{ \alpha_1,\dots, \alpha_n \}\) be the system of simple roots of \(G\) and \(P=P_k\) denote the maximal parabolic subgroup associated to a simple root \(\alpha_k\). It is known that the category of \(G\)-equivariant vector bundles on \(G/P\) is equivalent to the category of finite-dimensional representations of \(P\). Let \(X \subset \mathbb{P}^N\) be a smooth projective variety of dimension \(d\) over \(\mathbb{C}\). A vector bundle \(E\) on \(X\) is called Ulrich if the cohomology groups \(H^i(X, E(-t)) = 0\) for all \(0 \leq i \leq d\) and \(1\leq t \leq d\). The twisted bundle \(E\otimes O_X(-t)\) is denoted by \(E(-t)\). For an integral weight \(\omega\) dominant with respect to \(P\), one has an irreducible representation \(V(\omega)\) of \(P\) with highest weight \(\omega\), and let us denote by \(E_{\omega}\) the corresponding irreducible equivariant vector bundle \(G \times_{P} V(\omega)^{*} \) on \( G/P:E_{\omega}:=G\times_{P}V(\omega)^{*}= (G \times V(\omega)^{*})/P\), where the equivalence relation is given by \((g, v) \sim (gp, p^{-1}. v)\) for \(p \in P\). The cohomology of such bundles is computed by the famous the Borel-Bott-Weil theorem, see [\textit{J. M. Weyman}, Cohomology of vector bundles and syzygies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2003; Zbl 1075.13007)] and [\textit{D. M. Snow}, CMS Conf. Proc. 10, 193--205 (1989; Zbl 0701.14017)]. If \(L\) be a Levi factor of a maximal parabolic subgroup \(P_k \subset G\), then for an \(L\)-dominant integral weight \(\omega \in \Lambda_{+}\) , define a set \(\mathrm{Sing}(\omega) :=\{t \in Z:\omega + \rho -t\omega_k\) is singular\}, where \(\rho\) is the sum of fundamental weights of \(G\). The main tool used in this paper is Fonarev's criterion (Lemma 2.4 of [\textit{A. Fonarev}, Mosc. Math. J. 16, No. 4, 711--726 (2016; Zbl 1386.14180)]) which says that for \( \omega \in \Lambda^{+}_{L} \) an irreducible equivariant vector bundle \(E_{\omega}\) on a rational homogeneous variety \(G/P_k\) with Picard number 1 and dimension \(d\) is Ulrich if and only if \(\mathrm{Sing}(\omega) =\{1,2,\dots, d-1, d\}\). Further, using this criterion the authors check whether the rational homogeneous varieties admit Ulrich bundles or not. To check it properly they use the following helpful arguments: Assume that \(G/P_k\) is a Hermitian symmetric space of compact type. If an irreducible equivariant vector bundle \(E_{\omega}\) on \(G/P_k\) is Ulrich, then the maximum of \(\mathrm{Sing}(\omega)\) is a singular value attained at the highest root \(\theta\) of the Lie algebra \(g\). and Let \(G/P_k\) be an adjoint variety such that \(\mathrm{rank}(G)\geq 2\) and \(G\) is not of type A. If an irreducible equivariant vector bundle \(E_{\omega}\) on \(G/P_k\) is Ulrich, then the maximum of \(\mathrm{Sing}(\omega)\) is a singular value attained at the root \(\theta - \alpha_{k}\), where \(\theta\) is the highest root of \(g\). More concretely, for \(G_2\)-homogeneous varieties: \begin{itemize} \item \(G_2/P_1\) does not admit Ulrich bundles; \item \(G_2/P_2\) does not admit Ulrich bundles. \end{itemize} \(E_6\)-homogeneous varieties: \begin{itemize} \item Cayley plane \(E_6/P_2\subset \mathbb{P}(V_{E_6})(\omega_2)=\mathbb{P}^{77}\) has dimension 21 and Fano index 11, does admit the only one irreducible Ulrich bundle \(E_{\omega_5+3\omega_6}\); \item \(E_6/P_3\subset \mathbb{P}^{350}\) does not admit Ulrich bundles; \item \(E_6/P_4 \subset \mathbb{P}^{2924}\) has dimension 29 and Fano index 7 and does not admit Ulrich bundles. \end{itemize} \(F_4\)-homogeneous varieties: \begin{itemize} \item \(F_4/P_4\) is a general hyperplane section of a Cayley plane \(E_6/P_1 \subset \mathbb{P}^{26}\) does not admit Ulrich bundles; if one will restrict an Ulrich bundle from the Cayley plane to \(F_4/P_4\) one can get an equivariant Ulrich bundle on \(F_4/P_4\); \item \(F_4/P_3 \subset \mathbb{P}^{272}\) is the closed \(F_4\)-orbit in the space of lines on the rational homogeneous variety \(F_4/P_4 \subset \mathbb{P}^{25}\) has dimension 20 and Fano index 7. It does not admit Ulrich bundles; \item \(F_4/P_2 \subset \mathbb{P}^{1273}\) has dimension \(20\) and Fano index \(7\) and does not admit Ulrich bundles; \item \(F_4/P_1 \subset \mathbb{P}^{51}\) has dimension \(15\) and Fano index \(8\) and does not admit Ulrich bundles; \end{itemize} \(E_7\)-homogeneous varieties: \begin{itemize} \item \(E_7/P_1 \subset \mathbb{P}^{132}\) has dimension \(33\) and Fano index \(17\) and does admit the only one irreducible equivariant Ulrich bundle \(E_{\omega_5+3\omega_6+8\omega_7}\); \item The odd symplectic grassmanians of planes \(Gr_{\omega}(2, 2n+1)\) admit Ulrich bundles (see [ Zbl 1386.14180]); \item \(E_7/P_3 \subset \mathbb{P}^{8644}\) has dimension \(47\) and Fano index \(11\) and does not admit Ulrich bundles; \item \(E_7/P_4 \subset \mathbb{P}^{365749}\) has dimension \(53\) and Fano index \(8\) and does not admit Ulrich bundles; \item \(E_7/P_5 \subset \mathbb{P}^{27663}\) has dimension \(50\) and Fano index \(10\) and does not admit Ulrich bundles; \item \(E_7/P_6 \subset \mathbb{P}^{1538}\) has dimension \(42\) and Fano index \(13\) and does not admit Ulrich bundles; \item \(E_7/P_7 \subset \mathbb{P}^{55}\) has dimension \(27\) and Fano index \(18\) (Freundenthal variety, one of two exceptional Hermitian symmetric spaces of compact type) and does not admit Ulrich bundles; \end{itemize} \(E_8\)-homogeneous varieties: none of them admit equivariant Ulrich bundles.