Symmetry-resolved entanglement entropy in critical free-fermion chains (Q2156379)

The entanglement entropy, defined using the reduced density matrix of a multipartite quantum state, plays an important role in understanding the nature of quantum states. For quantum systems with a symmetry, the reduced density matrix can be further projected into the sectors with different symmetry charges to define the so-called symmetry-resolved entanglement entropy for each symmetry sector. This paper calculates the symmetry-resolved Rényi entanglement entropy of \(L\) consecutive sites in a family of critical free fermionic chains with U(1) symmetry (particle-number conservation). These lattice models have a low-energy effective theory given by \(N\) massless Dirac fermions. The calculation of the symmetry-resolved entanglement entropy is performed by considering the large \(L\) asymptotic expansion of the charged moments of the reduced density matrix, whose Fourier transform gives the symmetry-resolved Rényi entropies. Using Toeplitz determinant theory, the leading and subleading terms of the charged moments are calculated and compared with conformal field theory results. A particular emphasis is given to the analysis of the subleading correction, where the discrepancy in an error term is discussed and open issues are pointed out.