Finite-dimensional perturbations of linear operators and some applications to boundary integral equations (Q1568430)

The subject of this paper is the theory of solvability of a linear equation with a Fredholm operator in Banach spaces \(A:B_1\rightarrow B_2\) (\(A_0:B\rightarrow B\)), of the first kind \[ Ax=y,\tag{1} \] and of the second kind \[ (I-\lambda A_0)x=y,\quad \lambda\in {\mathbb C}.\tag{2} \] For both cases (1) and (2) a finite dimensional perturbation of the operator \(A\) or \(A_0\), respectively, is considered. Such a perturbation consists in adding to the original operator a finite-dimensional operator generated with the help of certain elements of a base of the kernel of the operator under perturbation. It is shown that it is possible to construct such a finite dimensional perturbation, that the solution of the perturbed equation remains still a solution of the corresponding original one. In the case (1) the dimension of the kernel of the operator is reduced. In the case of the second kind equation (2), a construction is possible such that a fixed pole of the resolvent is removed. Applied methods use in general adjoint problems to (1) and (2) and are in the frame of the Fredholm alternative and the Aronszajn finite dimensional perturbation theory. However the presented theory enables one to remove an element of the spectrum using only the information about the original operator, and not about its adjoint. An example of a boundary integral equation from isotropic homogeneous elasticity is discussed.