The symplecticity of multi-step methods (Q2365931)

The paper deals with a Hamiltonian system \[ z'=J\nabla H(z),\;z\in \mathbb{R}^{2n},\;J=\bigl[{0 \atop I} {-I \atop 0}\bigr],\;H:\mathbb{R}^{2n}\to \mathbb{R}^ 1 \tag{1} \] is a Hamiltonian function. (1) is solved by means of the multistep method (2) \(\sum_{k=0}^ m \alpha_ k z_ k=\tau \sum_{k=0}^ m \beta_ k J\nabla H(z_ k)\). This method is symplectic if \(\bigl[ {{\partial g(z)} \over {\partial z}}\bigr]^ T J\bigl[ {{\partial g(z)} \over {\partial z}}\bigr]=J\) holds for all \(H\) and sufficiently small \(\tau\) where \(g:\mathbb{R}^ p\to \mathbb{R}^ p\) is the step-transition oprator satisfying \(\sum_{k=0}^ m \alpha_ k g^ k=\tau \sum_{k=0}^ m \beta_ k f\circ g^ k\) (\(g^ k\) is the \(k\)-time composition). It is proved that (2) of the order \(s\geq 1\) is non-symplectic for (1).