The Tamarkin equiconvergence theorem and a first-order trace formula for regular differential operators revisited (Q402288)

Considered are linear ordinary \(n\)-th order differential expressions (\(n\geq2\)) \[ \ell =(-i)^nD^n+\sum_{k=0}^{n-2}p_k(x)D^k \] with summable functions \(p_k\) on the interval \([a,b]\) and normalized almost separated boundary conditions \[ P_j(D)y(a)+Q_j(D)y(b)=0,\quad j\in\{0,\dots,n-1\}, \] where the \(P_j\) and \(Q_j\) are polynomials whose degrees do not exceed \(n-1\). It is assumed that the boundary conditions are Birkhoff regular. Therefore the corresponding operator \(\mathbb L\) has purely discrete spectrum, \((\lambda _N)_{N=1}^\infty \). Let \(\mathbb Q\) be an operator of multiplication by a function \(q\in L^1(a,b)\). Then also \(\mathbb {L} + \mathbb{Q}\) has discrete spectrum \((\mu_N)_{N=1}^\infty \). Under some mild additional assumptions on \(q\) it is shown that the regularized trace \[ \sum_{N=1}^\infty \left[ \mu_n-\lambda _n-\frac1{b-a}\int_a^bq(t)\,dt \right] \] converges, and an explicit formula for it is given in terms of \(q\) and the boundary conditions.