A quadratic divisor problem and moments of the Riemann zeta-function (Q2216750)

In this paper, the fourth moment of the Riemann zeta function twisted by a Dirichlet polynomial of length \(T^{1/4 -\varepsilon}\) is estimated asymptotically. The main result is the following. Theorem. Let \(T\geq 2\) and let \(\alpha, \beta, \gamma, \delta \in \mathbb{C}\) with \(\alpha, \beta, \gamma, \delta \ll(\log T)^{-1}\). Furthermore, let \(\Phi(x)\) be a smooth function supported in \([1, 2]\) with derivatives \(\Phi^{(j)}(x) \ll_j T^\varepsilon\) for any \(j \geq 0\). Consider \[A(s) = \sum_{a \leq T^\vartheta} \frac{\alpha_a}{a^s} \ \ and \ \ B(s) = \sum_{b \leq T^\vartheta} \frac{\beta_b}{b^s}\] where \(\alpha_a \ll a^\varepsilon\) and \(\beta_b \ll b^\varepsilon\) and let \(I_{\alpha, \beta, \gamma, \delta}(T)\) denote \[\int_{\mathbb{R}}\zeta(1/2 + it + \alpha)\zeta(1/2 + it + \beta)\zeta(1/2 - it + \gamma)\zeta(1/2 - it + \delta)A(1/2 + it)\overline{B(1/2 + it)}\Phi\Big(\frac{1}{T}\Big)dt.\] Define \[\mathcal{Z}_{\alpha, \beta, \gamma, \delta, a, b} = \mathcal{A}_{\alpha, \beta, \gamma, \delta}\mathcal{B}_{\alpha, \beta, \gamma, \delta, a}\mathcal{B}_{\gamma, \delta, \alpha, \beta, b},\] where \[\mathcal{A}_{\alpha, \beta, \gamma, \delta} = \frac{\zeta(1+\alpha + \gamma)\zeta(1+\alpha + \delta)\zeta(1+\beta + \gamma)\zeta(1+\beta + \delta)}{\zeta(2 +\alpha+\beta+\gamma+\delta)},\] \[B_{\alpha, \beta, \gamma, \delta, a} = \prod_{p^\nu \vert\vert a}\left(\frac{\sum_{j=0}^\infty\sigma_{\alpha, \beta}(p^j)\sigma_{\gamma, \delta}(p^{j+\nu})p^{-j}}{\sum_{j=0}^\infty\sigma_{\alpha, \beta}(p^j)\sigma_{\gamma, \delta}(p^j)p^{-j}}\right)\] and \(\sigma_{\alpha, \beta}(n) = \sum_{n_1n_2=n}n_1^{-\alpha}n_2^{-\beta}\). Then \(I_{\alpha, \beta, \gamma, \delta}(T) = \) \[\sum_g \sum_{(a, b) = 1}\frac{\alpha_{g\alpha}\overline{\beta_{gb}}}{gab}\int_{\mathbb{R}}\Phi\left(\frac{1}{T}\right)\left(\mathcal{Z}_{\alpha, \beta, \gamma, \delta, a, b} + \left(\frac{t}{2\pi}\right)^{-\alpha-\beta-\gamma-\delta} \mathcal{Z}_{-\gamma, -\delta, -\alpha, -\beta, a, b}\right)dt+\] \[\sum_g \sum_{(a, b) = 1}\frac{\alpha_{g\alpha}\overline{\beta_{gb}}}{gab}\int_{\mathbb{R}}\Phi\left(\frac{1}{T}\right)\bigg(\left(\frac{t}{2\pi}\right)^{-\alpha-\gamma}\mathcal{Z}_{-\gamma, \beta, -\alpha, \delta, a, b} + \left(\frac{t}{2\pi}\right)^{-\alpha-\beta} \mathcal{Z}_{-\delta, \beta, \gamma, -\alpha, a, b}\] \[+\left(\frac{t}{2\pi}\right)^{-\beta-\gamma}\mathcal{Z}_{\alpha, -\gamma, -\beta, \delta, a, b} \left(\frac{t}{2\pi}\right)^{-\beta-\delta} \mathcal{Z}_{-\alpha, -\delta, \gamma, -\beta, a, b}\bigg) + \mathcal{O}_\varepsilon \big(T^{1/2+2\vartheta+\varepsilon} + T^{3/4+\vartheta+\varepsilon}\big).\] Three other theorems, some even more complex, are stated and proved.