Hamiltonian systems of hydrodynamic type and their realization on hypersurfaces of a pseudo-Euclidean space (Q1180290)

Among the system of hydrodynamic type, the subclass of the Hamiltonian systems is of essential interest on both physical applications and differential geometry, because it possesses all the additional structures that allow a particularly substantive geometrical study. Recalling some basic facts on the local Hamiltonian formalism [\textit{S. P. Tsarev}, Sov. Math., Dokl. 31, 488-491 (1985); translation from Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 282, 534-537 (1985; Zbl 0605.35075)] and on the nonlocal Hamiltonian formalism [\textit{O. I. Mokhov} and the author, Russ. Math. Surv. 45, No. 3, 218-219 (1990); translation from Usp. Mat. Nauk 45, No. 3(273), 191- 192 (1990; Zbl 0712.35080)], the author brightly performs, in the case of the nonlocal formalism, a canonical correspondence between Hamiltonian systems and hypersurfaces of a pseudo-Euclidean space. It turns out that every nonlocal Hamiltonian matrix is realized on some hypersurface as the inverse of the Weingarten operator of the surface. More of this, concerning the local Hamiltonian systems, the author derives the simplest Bäcklund transformations that identifies the local formalism with the nonlocal. It also results that the commuting flows correspond to hypersurfaces having the same representation of the net of lines of curvature and that the multi-Hamiltonian systems correspond to surfaces that admit nontrivial deformations that preserve the Weingarten operator. Finally, a complete description of such surfaces in \(E^ 3\) is given and also some of the unsolved problems on this subject are stressed-out.