Toeplitz operators with rational symbols, reciprocity (Q5943215)

For a pair of Fredholm operators \(A,B\), denote, for brevity, by \(d(A|B)\) the determinant of the compression of \(A\) to \(\text{Ker} B\), i.e \(d(A|B)=\det(P_{\text{Ker} B}A|\text{Ker} B)\), where \(P_{\text{Ker} B}\) is the orthogonal projection onto \(\text{Ker} B\). Motivated by their earlier study of the ``reciprocity ratio'' \(d(B|A)d(A|B^*)/(d(A|B)d(B|A^*))\) [Integral Equation Oper. Theory 9, 469-501 (1986; Zbl 0622.47009)], the authors study in the present paper the behaviour of \(d(T_\varphi|S^{*n})/d(S^n|T^*_\varphi)\) as \(n\to\infty\), where \(S\) is the shift operator on the Hardy space \(H^2\) and \(T_\varphi\) is the Toeplitz operator on \(H^2\) whose symbol \(\varphi\) is a rational function of the form \(\varphi=\Theta_1\overline\Theta_2 f\), with \(f\) an outer function and \(\Theta_1,\Theta_2\) finite Blaschke products of lengths \(q\) and \(l\leq q\), respectively. Under the assumption that \(l>0\) and all zeroes of \(\varphi\) are of distinct modulus different from \(0\) and \(1\), the result~is \[ \lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{|d(T_\varphi|S^{*n+1})|}{|d(S^{n+1}|T^*_\varphi)|f(0)^{n+1}} = \det(X|\text{Ran} X)^{1/2} \bigg|\prod_{|x|<1} c_x\Big(f,\frac {\Theta_2}{\Theta_{\min}}\Big) \bigg|, \] where \(X=I-(P_{\text{Ker} T^*_{\Theta_1}}-P_{\text{Ker} T^*_{\Theta_2}})^2\), \(\Theta_{\min}\) is the Blaschke product corresponding to the \(l\) zeroes of \(\varphi\) of smallest modulus, and \(c_x(g,h)\) is the tame symbol at \(x\) of a pair of meromorphic functions \(g,h\), defined~by \[ c_x(g,h) = (-1)^{\text{order}_x h\cdot\text{order}_x g} \bigg(\frac{g^{\text{order}_x h}}{h^{\text{order}_x g}} \bigg)(x). \] In particular, for \(f\equiv 1\), the limit above equals \(\det(T_\varphi T_{\varphi^{-1}}|\text{Ran} T_\varphi)\). The case of \(T_\varphi\) invertible corresponds to the classical Szegö theorem.