Basis problem for turbulent actions. I: Tsirelson submeasures (Q5935990)

The paper deals with the Borel reducibility relation~\(\leq_B\) on the class of Borel equivalence relations. If \(\mathcal E\) is a~class of Borel equivalence relations then its subclass~\(\mathcal E_0\) is said to be a~basis for~\(\mathcal E\) if for every \(E\in\mathcal E\) there is \(F\in\mathcal E_0\) such that \(F\leq_BE\). \textit{G. Hjorth} and \textit{A. S. Kechris} [``New dichotomies for Borel equivalence relations'', Bull. Symb. Log.~3, 329-346 (1997; Zbl 0889.03038)] asked whether there is a~finite basis for turbulent orbit equivalence relations induced by Polish group actions on Polish spaces. The author answers this question in the negative proving that every such basis has the size of the continuum. To prove this he uses modified Tsirelson spaces.