Inequalities on the closeness of two vectors in a Parseval frame (Q6104307)

Let \(H\) be a Hilbert space and let \(K\) be an index set. A sequence \(F=\{f_k\}_{k\in K}\) in \(H\) is called a frame if there exist two positive constants \(A\), \(B\) such that \[ A\|f\|^2\leq\sum_{k\in K}|\langle f,f_k\rangle|^2\leq B\|f\|^2, \] for each \(f\in H\). The sequence \(F\) is called Parseval if \(A=B=1\). In the present paper, some properties of frames in Hilbert spaces are obtained, especially Parseval frames are considered and studied. It is easy to see that if \(F=\{f_k\}_{k\in K}\) is a Parseval frame and \(\|f_{k_0}\|=1\), for some \(k_0\in K\), then \(f_{k_0}\perp f_k\), for every \(k\neq k_0\) (so it is expected that if \(\|f_{k_0}\|\) is near 1, then the angle between \(f_{k_0}\) and \(f_k\) (\(k\neq k_0\)) is near \(\frac{\pi}{2}\), that is \(f_{k_0}\) and \(f_k\) are not so close to each other). Using this fact, the main result of the paper, which is an inequality for Parseval frames, is stated as follows: Let \(F=\{f_k\}_{k\in K}\) be a Parseval frame. If \(k\neq l\), then \[ |\langle f_k,f_l\rangle|\leq\sqrt{1-\|f_k\|^2}\sqrt{1-\|f_l\|^2}. \] In other words, if \(f_k,f_l\neq 0\), then \[ \frac{|\langle f_k,f_l\rangle|}{\|f_k\|\|f_l\|}\leq\frac{\sqrt{1-\|f_k\|^2}\sqrt{1-\|f_l\|^2}}{\|f_k\|\|f_l\|}. \] Then, the authors conclude that if \(\|f_k\|\) is near 1 and if \(\|f_l\|\) is not so small, then \(f_k\) and \(f_l\) are not so close to each other.