Dynamical equivalences on \(G^*\) (Q930743)

Let \(G\) be a topological group with the identity \(e\). A \(G\)-space is a topological space \(X\) with a continuous action \(G\times X\rightarrow X\), \((g,x)\mapsto gx\) satisfying \(g(hx)=(gh)x\) and \(ex=x\) for all \(g,h\in G\) and \(x\in X\). Given a \(G\)-space \(X\), we denote by \(E\) the orbit equivalence on \(X\) defined by the rule \((x,y)\in E \Leftrightarrow Gx=Gy\). For every infinite discrete group \(G\), the remainder \(G^*=\beta G\setminus G\) of the Stone-Čech compactification \(\beta G\) of \(G\) has a natural structure of \(G\)-space. The orbit equivalence \(E\) on \(G^*\) \(((x,y)\in E \Leftrightarrow gx=y\) for some \(g\in G\)) produces the following three derived equivalences on \(G^*\): {\parindent=5mm \begin{itemize}\item[1.] \((\overset{ \circ}{E})\) \((x,y)\in \overset{ \circ}{E}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\operatorname{cl} E_x=\operatorname{cl} E_y\), where \(E_x\), \(E_y\) are \(E\)-equivalence classes containing \(x\) and \(y\); \item[2.] \((\overset{ .}{E})\) is the smallest by inclusion equivalence on \(G^*\) containing \(E\) such that every \(\dot{E}\)-equivalence class is closed; \item[3.] \((\check{E})\) \(\check{E}\) is the smallest by inclusion closed in \(G^*\times G^*\) equivalence on \(G^*\) containing \(E\), and the relation \((\Hat{E})\) \((x,y)\in \Hat{E} \Leftrightarrow \exists z:\;x\in \operatorname{cl} E_z\), \(y\in \operatorname{cl} E_z\), which is equivalence if \(G\) is countable. \end{itemize}} The authors study the interrelations between the classes of these equivalences and the principal left ideals of the semigroup \(\beta G\).