Asymptotic multiplicities of graded families of ideals and linear series (Q400975)

Let \((R,\mathfrak m)\) be a Noetherian local ring of dimension \(d\). The paper first prove that the limit \[ \lim\limits_{n\rightarrow\infty}\frac{\ell_R(R/I_n)}{n^d}\eqno{(1)} \] exists for any graded family \(\{I_n\}\) of \(\mathfrak m\)-primary ideals, if and only if \(\dim N(\widehat{R})<d\), where \(\dim N(\widehat{R})\) is the nilradical of the \(\mathfrak m\)-adic completion \(\widehat{R}\) of \(R\). The problem of existence of such limits (1) has been considered by \textit{L. Ein} et al. [Am. J. Math. 125, No. 2, 409--440 (2003; Zbl 1033.14030)] and \textit{M. Mustaţǎ} [J. Algebra 256, No. 1, 229--249 (2002; Zbl 1076.13500)]. The author also gives many interesting applications of this result and the method used in proving it. Next the author studies the existence of asymptotic limits of the growth of graded linear series of a fixed Kodaira-Iitaka dimension of varieties and schemes. One of many results on this problem in the paper is the following characterization. Theorem. Let \(X\) is a projective scheme of dimension \(d>0\) over a field \(k\). For each graded linear series \(L\) on \(X\), consider the limit: \[ \lim\limits_{n\rightarrow \infty}\dfrac{\dim_kL_{a +nr}}{n^{\varkappa(L)}}, \eqno{(2)} \] where \(\varkappa(L)\) is the Kodaira-Iikata dimension of \(L\). Let \(\alpha \in \mathbb{N}\). Then the following are equivalent: (i) For every \(L\) with \(\alpha \leq \varkappa(L)\), there exists a positive integer \(r\) such that the limit (2) exists for every positive integer \(a\). (ii) For every \(L\) with \(\alpha \leq \varkappa(L)\), there exists an arithmetic sequence \(a + nr\) for fixed \(r\) and \(a\) depending on \(L\) such that the limit (2) exists. (iii) The nilradical \(\mathcal{N}_X\) of \(X\) satisfies \(\dim \mathcal{N}_X< \alpha\).