On universal categories of coalgebras (Q607458)

A category \({\mathcal K}\) is algebraically universal if any category of universal algebras can be fully embedded into \({\mathcal K}\). It can be reformulated in the way that the category of \(F\)-algebras can be fully embedded into \(\mathcal K\) for any accessible functor \(F:{\mathcal S}et\to{\mathcal S}et\). The authors prove that this is equivalent to the fact that the category \({\mathcal C}oalg(F)\) of \(F\)-coalgebras can be fully embedded into \({\mathcal K}\) for each accessible functor \(F\) above. Moreover, among functors \(F\) preserving intersections, there are characterized those having \({\mathcal C}oalg(F)\) algebraically universal. A category \({\mathcal K}\) is universal if any concrete category can be fully embedded into \({\mathcal K}\). There are analogous results for universal categories, without assuming that \(F\) is accessible in this case.