B-CONVEX OPERATOR SPACES

DOI10.1017/S0013091502000834MaRDI QIDQ4444923zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Javier Parcet

Publication date 28 January 2004

Published in Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0312246

zbMATH Keywords

B-convexityK-convexitynon-trivial typeoperator spaces

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Local theory of Banach spaces (46B07) Probabilistic methods in Banach space theory (46B09) Operator spaces and completely bounded maps (46L07)

Abstract: The notion of B-convexity for operator spaces, which a priori depends on a set of parameters indexed by $Sigma$, is defined. Some of the classical characterizations of this geometric notion for Banach spaces are studied in this new context. For instance, an operator space is $B_{Sigma}$-convex if and only if it has $Sigma$-subtype. The class of uniformly non-$L^1(Sigma)$ operator spaces, which is also the class of $B_{Sigma}$-convex operator spaces, is introduced. Moreover, an operator space having non-trivial $Sigma$-type is $B_{Sigma}$-convex. However, the converse is false. The row and column operator spaces are nice counterexamples of this fact, since both are Hilbertian. In particular, this result shows that a version of the Maurey-Pisier theorem does not hold in our context. Some other examples of Hilbertian operator spaces will be treated. In the last part of this paper, the independence of $B_{Sigma}$-convexity with respect to $Sigma$ is studied. This provides some interesting problems which will be posed.

Review text

Suppose that \(X\) is a Banach space. It is known that the following statements are equivalent: (1) \(X\) is \(B\)-convex, (2) \(X\) is \(K\)-convex, (3) \(X\) does not contain \(\ell_1^n\) uniformly, (4) \(X\) has Rademacher subtype, and (5) \(X\) has non-trivial type. A comprehensive overview of type, cotype, and related properties of Banach spaces can be found, for instance, in the recent expository article by \textit{B.~Maurey} [Handbook of the geometry of Banach spaces, Vol. 2 (Amsterdam: North-Holland), 1299--1332 (2003; Zbl 1074.46006)]. In the paper under review, the author defines a non-commutative counterpart of \(B\)-convexity and studies its connection with (non-commutative) type, \(K\)-convexity, and other properties. More precisely: suppose that \((\Omega, \mu)\) is an atomless probability measure space and \({\mathbf{d}}_\Sigma = (d_\sigma)_{\sigma \in \Sigma}\) is a family of positive integers. Using random unitary matrices \(\xi^\sigma : \Omega \rightarrow M_{d_\sigma}\), the author defines the notions of \(B_\Sigma\)-convexity, \(K_\Sigma\)-convexity, \(\Sigma\)-type, \(\Sigma\)-subtype, and of uniformly non-\({\mathcal{L}}_1(\Sigma)\) operator spaces. The definition of \(\Sigma\)-type is different from the one used in \textit{J.~Garcia-Cuerva} and \textit{J.~Parcet} [Stud. Math. 155, 273-294 (2003; Zbl 1070.46040)], but the notions of non-trivial \(\Sigma\)-type (that is, of \(\Sigma\)-type higher than \(1\)) are the same in both papers. The main theorem of the present paper states that, for any operator space \(X\) and any set of parameters \((\Sigma, {\mathbf{d}}_\Sigma)\), the following are equivalent: (1) \(X\) has \(\Sigma\)-subtype, (2) \(X\) is \(B_\Sigma\)-convex, (3) \(X\) is uniformly non-\({\mathcal{L}}_1(\Sigma)\), and (4) \(X\) is \(B_\Sigma\)-convex. Actually, the present paper only shows that (1), (2), and (3) are equivalent, and that (3) implies (4). The implication (4) \(\Rightarrow\) (3) is only mentioned. The proof is presented in \textit{M.~Junge} and \textit{J.~Parcet} [The norm of sums of independent non-commutative random variables in \(L_p(\ell_1)\), J. Funct. Anal., to appear]. The same paper also shows that the definition of \(B_\Sigma\)-convexity does not depend on the set of parameters \(\Sigma\). The author proves that, if \(X\) has non-trivial \(\Sigma\)-type, then \(X\) is is \(B_\Sigma\)-convex. In sharp contrast to the Banach space setting, the converse is false. It is shown that the row and column operator spaces (\(R\) and \(C\)) are \(B_{\Sigma_0}\)-convex but have no non-trivial \(\Sigma_0\)-type. Here, \(\Sigma_0\) is the set of positive integers, and \(d_\sigma = 1\) for any \(\sigma \in \Sigma_0\). In fact, the author shows that the interpolation space \(R(1/p) = (R, C)_{1/p}\) has \(\Sigma_0\)-type \(q\) iff \(1 \leq q \leq \min\{p, p/(p-1)\}\).

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(5)

• The norm of sums of independent noncommutative random variables in \(L_{p}(\ell_1)\)
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