(Quasi-)conformal methods in two-dimensional free boundary problems

DOI10.4171/JEMS/1435MaRDI QIDQ6963493zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Guido De Philippis, Luca Spolaor, Bozhidar Velichkov

Publication date 7 July 2025

Published in Journal of the European Mathematical Society (JEMS) (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.4171/JEMS/1435

zbMATH Keywords

Alt-Caffarelli-Friedman problembranch pointsnonlinear thin-obstacle problemquasi-conformal mapsregularity for free boundary problems

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Unilateral problems for linear elliptic equations and variational inequalities with linear elliptic operators (35J86) Free boundary problems for PDEs (35R35) Eigenvalue problems for linear operators (47A75) Optimization of shapes other than minimal surfaces (49Q10)

Review text

In this paper under review, the authors study the branch singularities of free boundaries in one-phase Bernoulli problems with geometric constraints in dimension two. They prove that the branch singularities are isolated, and give a precise description of the asymptotic behavior of solutions around such points.\N\NThe proofs are done in two different ways, both rely on the (quasi-)conformal techniques in the spirit of the results of Sakai and Lewy. In the first method, the authors show a one-to-one correspondence between the constraint one-phase problems and a family of nonlinear thin obstacle problems via a standard hodograph transform. Then they study the contact set of the nonlinear thin obstacle problem using the theory of quasi-conformal maps. In the second method, the authors introduce a novel conformal hodograph transform and deduce the results directly. The second method has the advantage that it allows to construct examples of solutions and free boundaries with any prescribed cuspidal behavior. The techniques of the paper can also be applied to a class of symmetric solutions to two-phase Bernoulli problems.

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Cited in

(4)

• Smoothness and stability in the Alt-Phillips problem
• On the nonlinear thin obstacle problem
• A priori regularity estimates for equations degenerating on nodal sets
• Boundary unique continuation in planar domains by conformal mapping

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