A Quantization Property for Moving Line Vortices

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In this paper we study the asymptotic of the Ginzburg-Landau evolution equation in three dimensions, \[ \begin{cases} {\partial u_\varepsilon \over \partial t}-\Delta u_\varepsilon= {u_\varepsilon \over \varepsilon^2} \bigl(1-|u|^2\bigr) \quad & \text{in }\mathbb{R}^3\times \mathbb{R}_+\\ u_\varepsilon (0,x)=u^0_\varepsilon(x) \quad & \text{in }\mathbb{R}^3. \end{cases} \] It is the gradient flow for the Ginzburg-Landau functional \[ E_\varepsilon(u)= \int_{\mathbb{R}^3} |\nabla u|^2+ {1\over 2\varepsilon^2} \bigl(1-|u |^2\bigr)^2. \] The main difficulty in understanding the limiting behavior of sequences of solutions \(u_\varepsilon\) as \(\varepsilon\to 0\) comes from the possible existence of a dimension 1 vanishing set for \(u_\varepsilon\) around which \(u_\varepsilon/ |u_\varepsilon|\) has nonzero degree. Such a set is known as a Ginzburg-Landau vortex.



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