A characterization of co-Harada ring.
Injective modules, self-injective associative rings (16D50) Structure and classification for modules, bimodules and ideals (except as in 16Gxx), direct sum decomposition and cancellation in associative algebras) (16D70) Other classes of modules and ideals in associative algebras (16D80) Chain conditions on annihilators and summands: Goldie-type conditions (16P60)
A submodule \(N\) of a module \(M\) is called small (or superfluous) if for any proper submodule \(P\) of \(M\), \(N+P\) is a proper submodule of \(M\). This concept is the dual of the concept ``essential submodule (note, a nonzero submodule \(N\) of \(M\) is essential if it intersects every nonzero submodule of \(M\) nontrivially). A module \(M\) is called small if it is a small submodule of its injective hull. It's easy to see that if \(M\) is a non-small module, it is a non-small submodule in any extension module of \(M\). Dually, \(M\) is called a non-cosmall module if \(M\) is a homomorphic image of a projective module \(P\) whose kernel is not essential in \(P\). A ring \(R\) is called left Harada if it is left Artinian and every non-small module contains a nonzero injective module. Dually, \(R\) is called a co-Harada ring if it has the ascending chain condition (acc, for brevity) on right annihilators and every non-cosmall module contains a nonzero projective direct summand. In [\textit{K. Oshiro}, Hokkaido Math. J. 13, 310-338 (1984; Zbl 0559.16013)], it is shown that left Harada rings and right co-Harada rings coincide (left Harada rings and right Harada rings may not coincide, in general).NEWLINENEWLINE The main result (Theorem 7) of the article under review shows that if \(R\) is a left perfect ring with the acc on right annihilators such that every essential extension module of \(R_R\) is projective, then \(R\) is a left Harada ring. The converse of this fact is well-known, [see loc. cit., Theorem 3.18]. The reviewer observes trivially that one may trade off the property of the left ``perfectness in the statement of Lemma 3, with a weaker property, namely, the left ``semi-Artinianness and the proof remains intact.
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