A dimer ABC
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Abstract: We give an overview of recent developments in the theory of dimer models. The viewpoint we take is inspired by mirror symmetry. After an introduction to the combinatorics of dimer models, we will first look at dimers in dynamical systems and statistical mechanics, which can be viewed as coming from the A-model in mirror symmetry. Then we will discuss the role of dimers in the theory of resolutions of singularities, which is inspired by the B-model. The C stands for the connections that tie both subjects together: clusters, categories, and stability conditions. In this final part we will give some ideas on how these two stories fit in a broader framework.
The paper provides a review of results obtained for models of statistical physics based on the distribution of two different species of particles (hence the name of ``dimer systems) on sites of two-dimensional square lattices, so that two neighboring particles belong to different species. The system may be integrable. If the boundary conditions imposed on the system are periodic, the lattice is actually defined on a toroidal surface, and the analysis becomes tantamount to solving certain problems from the graph theory. The main issues comprised by the review are symmetry of the configurations, representation theory and resolution of singularities, and a combination of both of these topics.
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Cited in
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