A note on finite-element implementation of pressure boundary loading

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This paper is concerned with the formulation and finite-element implementation of pressure-dependent boundary conditions. This type of loading is of particular interest in finite deformation problems in three-dimensional continuum mechanics, as well as in the finite deformation analysis of structural elements such as plates and shells. The variational formulation of this class of problems and the question of existence of potentials is well-known and is extensively discussed in the literature; see, for example, \textit{H. Bufler} [Z. Angew. Math. Mech. 64, 287-296 (1984; Zbl 0563.73026); and references therein], and the summary account in \textit{P. G. Ciarlet} [Mathematical elasticity. I. (1988; Zbl 0648.73014)]. Within the context of the finite-element method, the problem is discussed in detail e.g. by \textit{K. Schweizerhof} and \textit{E. Ramm} [Comput. Struct. 18, 1099-1114 (1984; Zbl 0554.73069)]. These authors, however, do not consider the important case of axi-symmetric problems which, as shown, involves an interesting and non-trivial extension of the general methodology. The purpose is twofold: firstly, to discuss a general parameterization of the `moving' surface where the pressure is applied, which is constructed by exploiting the isoparametric finite-element concept; secondly, to examine the specific application of the methodology to the axi-symmetric case which, as alluded to above, appears not to have been considered previously in the literature.




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