A scheme for interpolation by Hankel translates of a basis function

DOI10.1016/J.JAT.2012.08.005MaRDI QIDQ692565zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Cristian Arteaga, Isabel Marrero

Publication date 6 December 2012

Published in Journal of Approximation Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jat.2012.08.005

basis function Bessel operator Bessel-Kingman hypergroup Hankel convolution Hankel translation minimal norm interpolant Sobolev embedding theorem

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Interpolation in approximation theory (41A05) Approximation by other special function classes (41A30) Special integral transforms (Legendre, Hilbert, etc.) (44A15) Integral transforms in distribution spaces (46F12)

Review text

The authors develop a variational approach following \textit{W. Light} and \textit{H. Wayne} [Numer. Math. 81, No. 3, 415--450 (1999; Zbl 0918.65007)] for interpolation by Hankel tranforms of a basis function. Let \(I=(0,\infty)\), \(w\in C(I)\), \(w(x)>0\) be a weight; let \(\mu\geq -1/2\), \(m\in\mathbb{N}_0\), \(\pi_{\mu,m-1}\) the linear space of Müntz polynomials spanned by the monomials \(p_{\mu,n}(t)=t^{2n+\mu+1/2}\) \((t\in I,n\in\mathbb{Z}_+,0\leq n\leq m-1)\). Let \(S_{\mu}=x^{-\mu-1/2}Dx^{2\mu+1}Dx^{-\mu-1/2}\) denote the Bessel differential operator, \(J_{\mu}\) the Bessel function of the first kind and order \(\mu\). \(\mathcal{H}_{\mu}'\) is the dual to the Fréchet space \(\mathcal{H}_{\mu}\) of all smooth complex valued functions \(\varphi\) such that \[ \nu_{\mu,p}(\varphi)=\max_{0\leq k\leq p}\sup_{x\in I}\left|(1+x^2)^p(x^{-1}D)^kx^{-\mu-1/2}\varphi(x)\right|<\infty,\quad p\in\mathbb{Z}_+, \] with the Hankel integral transform \[ (h_{\mu}\varphi)(x)=\int_0^{\infty}\varphi(t)\mathcal{J}_{\mu}(xt)\, dt,\quad \mathcal{T}_{\mu}(z)=z^{1/2}J_{\mu}(z), \] as an automorphism on \(\mathcal{H}_{\mu}\). \(h_{\mu}'\) is defined by transposition. Let further \[ L_{\mu,l}^1=\left\{v:\int_0^{a}|v(t)|t^{\mu+1/2}\,dt<\infty\, (a>0)\right\}; \] \[ L_{\mu,w}^2=\left\{u:\left(\int_0^{\infty}|u(t)|^2w(t)t^{\mu+1/2}\,dt\right)^{1/2}=\| u\|_{\mu,w}<\infty\right\}; \] \[ Y=Y_0=\{f\in\mathcal{H}'_{\mu}:\, h_{\mu}'f\in L_{\mu,l}^1\cap L_{\mu,w}^2\}\text{ with the norm } \| f\|_Y=\| h_{\mu}'f\|_{\mu,w}; \] \[ Y_m=\{f\in\mathcal{H}'_{\mu}: S_{\mu}^mf\in Y\} \text{ with the seminorm } |f|_m=\| S_{\mu}^mf\|_Y. \] If \(1/w\in L_{\mu,l}^1\) and there exists \(\gamma\in\mathbb{R}\) for which \(1/w(t)=\mathcal{O}(t^{-\gamma})\) as \(t\to\infty,\) and \(n\in \mathbb{Z}_+\) is such that \(4n<4m+\gamma-\mu -3/2\), then it is possible to define a basis distribution \(\phi\in\mathcal{H}_{\mu}'\) from the identity \(t^{4m}(h_{\mu}'\phi)(t)=1/w(t)\). The authors prove also that \(Y_m\) is embedded in a space of continuous functions, so that \(Y_m\) may be endowed with a Hilbert space structure where the point evaluations, i.e., \(R_{n,x}\in Y_m \) satisfying \((f,R_{n,x})=(S_{ \mu}^nf)(x)\) \((f\in Y_m),\) are continuous linear functionals. Moreover, they find explicitly the Fréchet-Riesz representatives for \(R_{n,x}\) with the help of the Hankel translates \[ (\tau_y\phi)(x)=\int_0^{\infty}\phi(z)D_{\mu}(x,y,z)\,dz, \] where \[ D_{\mu}(x,y,z)=\int_0^{\infty}t^{-\mu-1/2}\mathcal{J}_{\mu}(xt)\mathcal{J}_{\mu}(yt)\mathcal{J}_{\mu}(zt)\,dt \] is the so-called Delsarte kernel, and suitable Müntz polynomials from \(\pi_{\mu,m-1}.\) This result allows to obtain an error estimate for the related minimal norm interpolant to \(f\) on a set \(\{a_1,\ldots, a_l\}\subset I,\) i.e., the element \(Uf\in Y_m\) such that \((Uf)(a_j)=f(a_j)\) \((j=1,\dotsc, l)\), and, if \(g\in Y_m\) is another interpolant, then \(\| g\|_{Y_m}\geq \| Uf\|_{Y_m}\). Examples (including numerics) are given.

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