A type of path derivative.
Borel measurabilityDarboux propertygeneralized derivativesparasequential derivativetypical continuous functions
Continuity and related questions (modulus of continuity, semicontinuity, discontinuities, etc.) for real functions in one variable (26A15) Classification of real functions; Baire classification of sets and functions (26A21) Differentiation (real functions of one variable): general theory, generalized derivatives, mean value theorems (26A24)
The author has introduced the following definition: Let \(\{h_n\}\) and \(\{k_n\}\) be strictly decreasing sequences convergent to \(0\). We say that a continuous function \(f:[0,1]\to \mathbb{R}\) has an \((h_n,k_n)\)-parasequential derivative on \([0,1]\) if and only if for each \(x\in [0,1]\) there exist sequences \(\{a_n\}\) and \(\{b_n\}\) such that \(a_n\in [x- h_n,x- h_{n+1}]\) and \(b_n\in [x+ k_{n+1}, x+ k_n]\) for each \(n\) and \[ \lim_{n\to\infty}\, {f(a_n)- f(x)\over a_n- x}= \lim_{n\to\infty}\, {f(b_n)- f(x)\over b_n- x}= g(x). \] It is shown among others that if this derivative is nonnegative, then the function is increasing, that this derivative has the Darboux property and that the existence of a parasequential derivative everywhere yields the existence of the ordinary derivative almost everywhere on some open and dense set. However, the parasequential derivative does not need to be even Borel measurable and also does need not to be unique. The author has defined also the notion of parasequential derived number and has proved that a typical continuous function does not need to possess derived numbers at any point of its domain.
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