Abstract Homomorphisms of Algebraic Groups

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Let \(K\) be an infinite perfect field and \(L\) an algebraically closed field of the same characteristic \(p\) (\(p=0\) or a prime). Let \(G(K)\) denote a Chevalley group of universal type over \(K\) and \(Y(L)\) an algebraic group over \(L\). This paper is concerned with abstract homomorphisms from \(G(K)\) to \(Y(L)\). The starting point for the study is the fundamental work of \textit{A. Borel} and \textit{J. Tits} [Ann. Math., II. Ser. 97, 499-571 (1973; Zbl 0272.14013)], where it is shown that an abstract irreducible representation \(G(K)\to\text{GL}(V)\) with \(V\) a finite-dimensional module over \(L\) can be factored as the tensor product of twists of rational representations. The key result of this paper is the following: Let \(\phi\colon G(K)\to Y(L)\) be a nontrivial abstract homomorphism. If \(p=0\), assume the elements of \(T\) (\(T\) a fixed maximal torus of a Borel subgroup of \(G(K)\)) are mapped to semisimple elements of \(Y(L)\). Then \(\phi\) can be factored \(G(K)\to G(L)\times\cdots\times G(L)\to Y(L)\), where the first map is a twisted diagonal embedding with dense image and the second is a rational homomorphism, and the Zariski closure of \(\phi(G(K))\) is a commuting product of images of \(G(L)\). Applications are given to the study of complete reducibility of representations, rationality of morphisms, extension theory, and the theory of locally finite groups.




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