Active control of boundary layer and separation

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We mean under active control the use of additional artificial influences beside the natural boundary and initial conditions on stability or excitation of boundary layers and on separation in flows. These additional influences are active influences because they imply an unsteady or at least adaptive change of boundary or flow conditions with the help of external energy. First, we discuss the influence of periodic surface waves or periodic blowing and suction on the amplification of Tollmien/Schlichting waves generated by a periodic excitation of the boundary layer. Then we explain how by acoustic excitation of the boundary layer in the leading edge area of airfoils the flow separation at high angles of incidence can be influenced. By means of suction also the unsteady behaviour of transonic boundary layers in the case of shock-boundary layer interaction can be influenced strongly. Another application of suction is suppression of the stagnation line and cross-flow instability which lead to early transition to turbulence in case of airfoils with large sweep angles. The unsteady motion of the surface of a body in a certain flow field is another method to suppress or influence unsteady behaviour of wakes. Finally, heat addition or cooling are also able to act as tools for suppression of flow instabilities. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0854.00012].











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