Aggregation induced by diffusing and nondiffusing media
PDEs in connection with biology, chemistry and other natural sciences (35Q92) Applications of Brownian motions and diffusion theory (population genetics, absorption problems, etc.) (60J70) Interacting random processes; statistical mechanics type models; percolation theory (60K35) Developmental biology, pattern formation (92C15)
Gathering of individuals is a widespread phenomenon in biology. The reasons are, for instance, to give each other shelter, to reproduce, to explore new regions, to feed or to endure starvation conditions. In the case of myxobacteria it is known that they glide cooperatively and aggregate under starvation conditions. During gliding they prefer to use paths which were laid down by themselves. When the final aggregation takes place, they glide in streams towards developing mounds which later grow to form so-called fruiting bodies. Other examples of collective aggregation are known from larvae, e.g. of the bark beetle Dendroctonus micans which clumps to feeding groups. Group feeding often improves individual survival, or allows better exploitation of food resources. In many cases, the aggragation process occurs via exchange of chemical signals between the entities. Chemotaxis is one of the major communication mechanisms and has been found, for instance, in the aggregation of cells as human leukocytes and in the slime mold amoebae. In order to discuss the dynamic process of aggregation, we first introduce a discrete model suitable for lattice-based computer simulations, where particles interact by locally changing the surface they move on. This model can be applied either to the formation of trails or to the formation of aggregates, as found for myxobacteria and insect larvae. The discrete model is approximated by a PDE-system, a so-called chemotaxis system. We discuss critical parameters of the aggregation process, such as initial population density, production rate of the chemotactic substance, the presence or lack of diffusion of this substance, and dependence on the chemotactic sensitivity. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0877.00017].
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- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3880356 (Why is no real title available?)
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