Algebraic groups whose orbit closures contain only finitely many orbits

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Abstract: We explore connected affine algebraic groups G, which enjoy the following finiteness property m(F): for every algebraic action of G, the closure of every G-orbit contains only finitely many G-orbits. We obtain two main results. First, we classify such groups. Namely, we prove that a connected affine algebraic group G enjoys property m(F) if and only if G is either a torus or a product of a torus and a one-dimensional connected unipotent algebraic group. Secondly, we obtain a characterization of such groups in terms of the modality of action in the sense of V. Arnol'd. Namely, we prove that a connected affine algebraic group G enjoys property m(F) if and only if for every irreducible algebraic variety X endowed with an algebraic action of G, the modality of X is equal to dimXmaxxinXGcdotx.









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