Algebraically universal categories of relational structures
The original motivation for studying the universsality of set functors was an open problem formulated in [\textit{V. Trnková} and \textit{A. Barkhudaryan}, Algebra Univers. 47, No. 3, 239--266 (2002; Zbl 1061.08004)]. Is the category of varieties and interpretations in [\textit{O. C. Garcia} and \textit{W. Taylor}, The lattice of interpretability types of varieties. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (AMS) (1984; Zbl 0559.08003)] alg-universal? \textit{L. Barto} and \textit{P. Zima} [Theory Appl. Categ. 14, 294--309 (2005; Zbl 1076.18001)] has shown, using a rather involved construction, that the category of set functors is group-universal. A significantly simpler construction was carried out in [\textit{L. Barto}, Algebra Univers. 57, No. 1, 15--26 (2007; Zbl 1122.18002)] to establish that the category of finitary set functors is alg-universal.\N\NThis paper is concerned with the question whether the category of set functors is more comprehensive than the category of finitary ones, answering the question affirmatively.\N\NThe synopsis of the paper goes as follows.\N\N\begin{itemize}\N\item[\S 2] gives preliminaries.\N\N\item[\S 3] shows that the category of accessible set functors is universal.\N\N\item[\S 4] shows that the above result can not be further strengthened by establishing that the category of accessible set functors is concretizable. It is also demonstrated that\N\NTheorem. A category \(\boldsymbol{Z}\) is isomorphic to a full subcategory of the category of accessible set functors iff \(\boldsymbol{Z}\) is concretizable.\N\N\item[\S 5] gives several questions for future study.\N\N\begin{itemize}\N\item This paper has shown that the category of accessible set functors is as comprehensive as possible. How compresehnsive is the collection of all set functors?\N\N\item A combination of theorems in [\textit{L. Kucera}, J. Pure Appl. Algebra 1, 373--376 (1971; Zbl 0259.18003); \textit{V. Trnková}, Commentat. Math. Univ. Carol. 7, 143--206 (1966; Zbl 0163.01501)] implies that in every universal category it is possible to find equivalences on hom-sets which are comparible with composition. Is there a natural hyper-universal quotient of the category of accessible of accessible set functors? Is it some kind of a homotopy equivalence on natural transformations?\N\N\item In the premise CSP (Constraint Satisfication Problem) the author is so far interested in minions with finite universes. How comprehensive is their category?\N\end{itemize}\N\N\end{itemize}
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